Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) season of 2010 and 2011 at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, to study the performance of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes as influenced by integrated nitrogen management (INM). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with 3 replications. The treatments comprised 3 aromatic rice genotypes (‘Pusa Basmati 1’, ‘PRH 10’ and ‘HUR 105’) in main plots and 7 INM practices [100% recommended nitrogen dose (RND), 75% RND + 25% RND as farmyard manure/vermicompost (FYM/VC), 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM/VC] along with biofertilizer blue green algae (BGA)/Azospirillum in subplots. The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’. Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher dry matter (DM) than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- dry matter (DM)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 36.8 g/hille0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher panicles/m2 than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- panicles/m2e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 306.9e0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher grains/panicle than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- grains/paniclee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 133.0e0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher 1,000-grain weight than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- 1,000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 22.4 ge0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher grain yield than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.19 tonnes/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher straw yield than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 7.55 tonnes/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher total N uptake than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- total N uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 103.0 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher N-use efficiency than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- N-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 57.6 kg/kge0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PRH 10 had significantly higher net returns than Pusa Basmati 1, and was at par with HUR 105.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‘PRH 10’e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 53,518/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with ‘HUR 105’e0
- Comparator
- ‘Pusa Basmati 1’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype ‘PRH 10’ recorded significantly higher dry matter (DM) (36.8 g/hill), panicles/m2 (306.9), grains/panicle (133.0), 1,000-grain weight (22.4 g), grain yield (5.19 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.55 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (103.0 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.6 kg/kg) and net returns ( 53,518/ha) than ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ but were at par with ‘HUR 105’.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest plant height among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 105.8 cme0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest DM among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- DMe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 39.5 g/hille0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest panicle/m2 among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- panicle/m2e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 321.1e0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest grains/panicle among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- grains/paniclee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 138.2e0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest 1,000-grain weight among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- 1,000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 22.7 ge0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest grain yield among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.16 tonnes/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest straw yield among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 7.77 tonnes/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest total N uptake among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- total N uptakee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 105.7 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest N-use efficiency among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- N-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 57.3 kg/kge0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest net returns among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 54,376/hae0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The VC and BGA nitrogen treatment gave the highest benefit: cost ratio among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGAe0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.0e0
- Qualifier
- at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGAe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the INM, application of 75% RND + 25% RND as VC + BGA gave significantly highest plant height (105.8 cm), DM (39.5 g/hill), panicle/m2 (321.1), grains/panicle (138.2), 1,000-grain weight (22.7 g), grain yield (5.16 tonnes/ha), straw yield (7.77 tonnes/ha), total N uptake (105.7 kg/ha), N-use efficiency (57.3 kg/kg), net returns ( 54,376/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.0) over other treatments and remained at par with application of 75% RND + 25% RND as FYM + BGA.”
t0“rice”
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