Abstract
SummaryThe results are presented of fruit thinning studies carried out over several years with the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain.The thinning activity of carbaryl was negligible at 0·0028% a.i. but increased rapidly over the range 0·0083% to 0·075%. Comparatively little additional thinning resulted from a further increase in concentration.In Worcester Pearmain thinning was stimulated by applications of carbaryl over a 4–5 week period from petal fall, the cessation of thinning activity coinciding with the end of the main period of natural fruitlet shedding. The intensity of thinning was greatest at petal fall and declined with delay in application. This decline was not continuous but showed two intervals of 7 to 13 days duration during which the intensity of thinning remained relatively constant. Up to 12 days elapsed between application and the commencement of induced fruitlet shedding.Carbaryl was found to thin within, rather than between, fruitlet clusters, and to stimulate the abscission of lateral fruitlets more than terminal ones.The growth of young fruitlets was retarded for a short period following the application of carbaryl, but as a result of thinning the size of mature fruit was increased. In the year after treatment increased blossoming and cropping was most marked with biennial trees of Laxton’s Superb. With regularly cropping trees of Worcester Pearmain, although thinning induced a moderate increase in subsequent blossoming, no residual effects on cropping were detected.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl thinning was negligible at 0·0028% a.i.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- carbaryl was negligible at 0·0028% a.i.e0
- Outcome
- thinning activitye0
- Direction
- negligiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thinning activity of carbaryl was negligible at 0·0028% a.i. but increased rapidly over the range 0·0083% to 0·075%.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl thinning rose rapidly between 0·0083% and 0·075%.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0·0083% to 0·075%e0
- Outcome
- thinning activitye0
- Direction
- increased rapidlye0
- Comparator
- 0·0028% a.i.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thinning activity of carbaryl was negligible at 0·0028% a.i. but increased rapidly over the range 0·0083% to 0·075%.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing carbaryl concentration beyond 0·075% added little thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- further increase in concentratione0
- Outcome
- additional thinninge0
- Direction
- Comparatively littlee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comparatively little additional thinning resulted from a further increase in concentration.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
In Worcester Pearmain, carbaryl stimulated thinning for 4–5 weeks after petal fall.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Worcester Pearmaine0
- Treatment
- applications of carbaryle0
- Outcome
- thinninge0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- 4–5 week period from petal falle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Worcester Pearmain thinning was stimulated by applications of carbaryl over a 4–5 week period from petal fall, the cessation of thinning activity coinciding with the end of the main period of natural fruitlet shedding.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning intensity was greatest at petal fall and declined with later carbaryl application.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- applicatione0
- Outcome
- intensity of thinninge0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Comparator
- petal falle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intensity of thinning was greatest at petal fall and declined with delay in application.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Two 7–13 day intervals interrupted the decline in thinning intensity, during which it stayed relatively constant.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- intensity of thinninge0
- Direction
- remained relatively constante0
- Value
- 7 to 13 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This decline was not continuous but showed two intervals of 7 to 13 days duration during which the intensity of thinning remained relatively constant.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Induced fruitlet shedding began up to 12 days after carbaryl application.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- commencement of induced fruitlet sheddinge0
- Value
- Up to 12 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Up to 12 days elapsed between application and the commencement of induced fruitlet shedding.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl thinned within rather than between fruitlet clusters.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Carbaryle0
- Outcome
- thin withine0
- Comparator
- between, fruitlet clusterse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carbaryl was found to thin within, rather than between, fruitlet clusters, and to stimulate the abscission of lateral fruitlets more than terminal ones.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl stimulated lateral fruitlet abscission more than terminal fruitlet abscission.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Carbaryle0
- Outcome
- abscission of lateral fruitletse0
- Direction
- more thane0
- Comparator
- terminal onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carbaryl was found to thin within, rather than between, fruitlet clusters, and to stimulate the abscission of lateral fruitlets more than terminal ones.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl briefly retarded young fruitlet growth.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- application of carbaryle0
- Outcome
- growth of young fruitletse0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of young fruitlets was retarded for a short period following the application of carbaryl, but as a result of thinning the size of mature fruit was increased.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning increased mature fruit size.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- thinninge0
- Outcome
- size of mature fruite0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of young fruitlets was retarded for a short period following the application of carbaryl, but as a result of thinning the size of mature fruit was increased.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
In the year after carbaryl treatment, increased blossom was most marked in biennial Laxton’s Superb trees.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Laxton’s Superbe0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- blossominge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the year after treatment increased blossoming and cropping was most marked with biennial trees of Laxton’s Superb.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
In the year after treatment, increased cropping was most marked in biennial Laxton’s Superb trees.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Laxton’s Superbe0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- croppinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the year after treatment increased blossoming and cropping was most marked with biennial trees of Laxton’s Superb.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
In regularly cropping Worcester Pearmain, thinning moderately increased subsequent blossom.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Worcester Pearmaine0
- Treatment
- thinninge0
- Outcome
- subsequent blossominge0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With regularly cropping trees of Worcester Pearmain, although thinning induced a moderate increase in subsequent blossoming, no residual effects on cropping were detected.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
Claim · model-written summary
In regularly cropping Worcester Pearmain, thinning had no detected residual cropping effect.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Worcester Pearmaine0
- Treatment
- thinninge0
- Outcome
- croppinge0
- Direction
- no residual effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With regularly cropping trees of Worcester Pearmain, although thinning induced a moderate increase in subsequent blossoming, no residual effects on cropping were detected.”
t0“the apple varieties Laxton’s Superb and Worcester Pearmain”
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See all 106 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.