Abstract
As stated in previous papers, the nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage maintained high photosynthetic activity of leaves after heading and contributed to the increase in percentage of ripened grains, in the weight of 1000 grains and in yield. At the same time, it was known that protein content in brown rice fed by nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage was raised by 20-30 % in comparison with that of control. The authors tried to make it clear that whether nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage would have another effects besides the effects mentioned above. For instance, the question, does the top-dressing at full heading stage increase the root activity and the lodging resistance. or improve the qualities of rice grains?, was set in this experiment. To achieve this purpose, a different amount of nitrogen was individually applied at full heading stage in the form of ammonium sulphate, and the following results were obtained: 1. By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2. 2. By the same treatment, an activity of α-NA oxidation and O2 consumption by root was increased, and the rice plants were maintained freshly untill maturity. Consequently, the breaking strength at culm base and the lodging resistance became larger than those of control. 3. As to the quality of rice kernels, the following results were obtained by the same top-dressing ; a) the nitrogen content in brown rice was increased by 11-25 %, b) the number of kernels thicker than 2.0 mm was increased, and c) the percentage of perfect kernel was raised up, and the percentages of white belly (and core) rice and of milky white rice kernels was lowered, respectively, especially, characters described in this item were conspicuous in the plot where nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number index. 4. Effecfs of nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage on nitrogen content in brown rice was more amplified in the case of upland conditions after heading and calcium basal dressing.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen top-dressing at full heading increased percentage of ripened grains in lowland rice.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee0
- Outcome
- percentage of ripened grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen top-dressing at full heading increased yield in lowland rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen top-dressing at full heading increased amount of dry matter accumulated after heading in lowland rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee0
- Outcome
- amount of dry matter accumulated after headinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing increased rice root α-NA oxidation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- α-NA oxidatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“By the same treatment, an activity of α-NA oxidation and O2 consumption by root was increased, and the rice plants were maintained freshly untill maturity.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing increased rice root O2 consumption by root.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- O2 consumption by roote0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“By the same treatment, an activity of α-NA oxidation and O2 consumption by root was increased, and the rice plants were maintained freshly untill maturity.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing increased rice breaking strength at culm base over control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- breaking strength at culm basee0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“Consequently, the breaking strength at culm base and the lodging resistance became larger than those of control.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing increased rice lodging resistance over control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- lodging resistancee0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“Consequently, the breaking strength at culm base and the lodging resistance became larger than those of control.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing increased brown rice nitrogen content by 11-25 %.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- nitrogen content in brown ricee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11-25 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“the nitrogen content in brown rice was increased by 11-25 %”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing increased the number of rice kernels thicker than 2.0 mm.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- number of kernels thicker than 2.0 mme0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“the number of kernels thicker than 2.0 mm was increased”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing changed rice percentage of perfect kernel.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- percentage of perfect kernele0
- Direction
- raised upe0
- Qualifier
- nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number indexe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“the percentage of perfect kernel was raised up, and the percentages of white belly (and core) rice and of milky white rice kernels was lowered, respectively, especially, characters described in this item were conspicuous in the plot where nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number index.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing changed rice percentages of white belly (and core) rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- percentages of white belly (and core) ricee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Qualifier
- nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number indexe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“the percentage of perfect kernel was raised up, and the percentages of white belly (and core) rice and of milky white rice kernels was lowered, respectively, especially, characters described in this item were conspicuous in the plot where nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number index.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen top-dressing changed rice milky white rice kernels.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee1
- Outcome
- milky white rice kernelse0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Qualifier
- nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number indexe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“the percentage of perfect kernel was raised up, and the percentages of white belly (and core) rice and of milky white rice kernels was lowered, respectively, especially, characters described in this item were conspicuous in the plot where nitrogen was restricted during the period from 70 to 90 in leaf number index.”
e1“By nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage, the percentage of ripened grains, the yield and the amount of dry matter accumulated after heading were increased as the dose rate of nitrogen was raised in the range of 3-9 g/m2.”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland conditions after heading and calcium basal dressing amplified the nitrogen top-dressing effect on brown rice nitrogen content.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stagee0
- Outcome
- nitrogen content in brown ricee0
- Direction
- more amplifiede0
- Qualifier
- calcium basal dressinge0
- Setting
- upland conditions after headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lowland Rice”
e0“Effecfs of nitrogen top-dressing at full heading stage on nitrogen content in brown rice was more amplified in the case of upland conditions after heading and calcium basal dressing.”
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