Abstract
A mechanistic simulation model was used to examine the expected responses of wheat to a doubling in atmospheric CO2 concentration in combination with a 2°C rise in temperature. The model produced satisfactory simulations of total biomass, leaf area and canopy transpiration under present climatic conditions. However, soil evaporation was underestimated by up to 35% by the simulations. Model predictions suggested that increased CO2 levels should lead to increased biomass and potential yields of wheat up to about 550ppm, after which photosynthesis under full sunlight increases only gradually with CO2. Higher temperatures are expected to decrease biomass production by shortening the growing season and by increasing plant respiration. A doubling of CO2 concentration and a temperature increase of 2°C is expected to cause only marginal changes in biomass production. Transpiration use efficiency may be enhanced by -20% with a doubling of CO2 above current levels.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The model satisfactorily simulated total biomass, leaf area and canopy transpiration.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- satisfactory simulations of total biomass, leaf area and canopy transpiratione0
- Comparator
- present climatic conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“The model produced satisfactory simulations of total biomass, leaf area and canopy transpiration under present climatic conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The model underestimated soil evaporation by up to 35%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- soil evaporatione0
- Direction
- underestimatede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“soil evaporation was underestimated by up to 35% by the simulations”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing CO2 was predicted to increase wheat biomass up to about 550ppm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- increased CO2 levelse0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- up to about 550ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased CO2 levels should lead to increased biomass and potential yields of wheat up to about 550ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing CO2 was predicted to increase potential wheat yields up to about 550ppm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- increased CO2 levelse0
- Outcome
- potential yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- up to about 550ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased CO2 levels should lead to increased biomass and potential yields of wheat up to about 550ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
Above about 550ppm, photosynthesis under full sunlight was predicted to increase only gradually with CO2.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- CO2e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- under full sunlighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“after which photosynthesis under full sunlight increases only gradually with CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature was expected to decrease wheat biomass production.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Higher temperatures are expected to decrease biomass production by shortening the growing season and by increasing plant respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature was expected to shorten the wheat growing season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- growing seasone0
- Direction
- shorteninge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Higher temperatures are expected to decrease biomass production by shortening the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature was expected to increase wheat respiration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- plant respiratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Higher temperatures are expected to decrease biomass production by shortening the growing season and by increasing plant respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
A doubling of CO2 with a 2°C temperature increase was expected to produce only marginal biomass change.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- A doubling of CO2 concentration and a temperature increase of 2°Ce0
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- marginal changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“A doubling of CO2 concentration and a temperature increase of 2°C is expected to cause only marginal changes in biomass production”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubling CO2 may enhance wheat transpiration use efficiency by -20%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- a doubling of CO2e0
- Outcome
- Transpiration use efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- -20%e0
- Comparator
- current levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Transpiration use efficiency may be enhanced by -20% with a doubling of CO2 above current levels”
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See all 203 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.