Abstract
SummaryApple trees were sprayed in late July with daminozide in four seasons to suppress ethylene production and softening of harvested fruit stored in 2% O2, <1% CO2 at 3.5°C. In two out of three years daminozide applied at 0.43 g l−1 was ineffective whereas ethylene production, softening and the rise of soluble pectin were inhibited by 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1. In the third season all the spray treatments were ineffective. In bulk storage experiments a combination of daminozide treatment and ethylene removal by potassium permanganate-impregnated vermiculite led to the retention of fruit firmness in two years out of three; untreated fruit and fruit which received only one of the treatments softened to a similar extent. The dual treatment also inhibited the solubilization of pectin and the synthesis of butyl and hexyl acetates during ripening after storage. Whereas daminozide-treated fruit had higher chlorophyll levels than untreated fruit, ethylene removal had no effect on chlorophyll loss. A taste panel distinguished the low ethylene-daminozide treated fruit as firmer and less mealy than other treatments. However, this fruit had a higher incidence of storage disorders.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide at 0.43 g l−1 was ineffective in two of three years.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- daminozide applied at 0.43 g l−1e0
- Outcome
- ineffectivee0
- Direction
- ineffectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In two out of three years daminozide applied at 0.43 g l−1 was ineffective”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide at 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1 inhibited ethylene production.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1e0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene production, softening and the rise of soluble pectin were inhibited by 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide at 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1 inhibited softening.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1e0
- Outcome
- softeninge0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene production, softening and the rise of soluble pectin were inhibited by 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide at 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1 inhibited the rise of soluble pectin.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1e0
- Outcome
- rise of soluble pectine0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene production, softening and the rise of soluble pectin were inhibited by 0.85 or 1.7 g l−1”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
All spray treatments were ineffective in the third season.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- all the spray treatmentse0
- Outcome
- ineffectivee0
- Direction
- ineffectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the third season all the spray treatments were ineffective”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined daminozide and ethylene removal retained fruit firmness in two of three years.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- a combination of daminozide treatment and ethylene removal by potassium permanganate-impregnated vermiculitee0
- Outcome
- retention of fruit firmnesse0
- Qualifier
- two years out of threee0
- Comparator
- untreated fruit and fruit which received only one of the treatmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a combination of daminozide treatment and ethylene removal by potassium permanganate-impregnated vermiculite led to the retention of fruit firmness in two years out of three; untreated fruit and fruit which received only one of the treatments softened to a similar extent”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment inhibited pectin solubilization.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- dual treatmente0
- Outcome
- solubilization of pectine0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dual treatment also inhibited the solubilization of pectin and the synthesis of butyl and hexyl acetates during ripening after storage”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment inhibited synthesis of butyl and hexyl acetates.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- dual treatmente0
- Outcome
- synthesis of butyl and hexyl acetatese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dual treatment also inhibited the solubilization of pectin and the synthesis of butyl and hexyl acetates during ripening after storage”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide treated fruit had higher chlorophyll than untreated fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- daminozide-treatede0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“daminozide-treated fruit had higher chlorophyll levels than untreated fruit”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene removal had no effect on chlorophyll loss.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ethylene removale0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll losse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene removal had no effect on chlorophyll loss”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
A taste panel rated the combined treatment fruit firmer and less mealy.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low ethylene-daminozide treatede0
- Outcome
- firmer and less mealye0
- Direction
- firmere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A taste panel distinguished the low ethylene-daminozide treated fruit as firmer and less mealy than other treatments”
t0“apple fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment fruit had higher incidence of storage disorders.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- incidence of storage disorderse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this fruit had a higher incidence of storage disorders”
t0“apple fruits”
The same questions in other papers
Daminozide · quality: postharvest · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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See all 14 papers →ethene · quality: postharvest · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 17 papers →ethene · physiology: pigments · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
potassium · quality: postharvest · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.