Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of foliar urea applications on quality, growth, mineral content and yield of broccoli under field conditions in 2003, 2004 and 2005. Broccoli cultivars AG 3317 and AG 3324 were treated with foliar urea applications at different concentrations (0.0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.0%). Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0% resulted in larger heads, weightier heads and plants as well as higher plants. Conversely, the greatest head and leaf dry matter contents were obtained with no fertilizer-nitrogen application. SPAD chlorophyll readings that were measured in the third year increased with elevated urea concentrations. In regard to the nutrient content, it can be interfered that soil nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea applications increased the content of almost all nutrients in leaves and heads of both broccoli cultivars in three experiment years. Generally, the greatest values were obtained from 1.0% urea application for both cultivars. It results from the study that for optimum yields 0.61 and 0.96% concentrations of urea sprays could be successfully used to obtain better growth and yield in broccoli cultivars AG 3317 and AG 3324, respectively.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0%, produced larger heads.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0%e0
- Outcome
- headse0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0% resulted in larger heads”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0%, produced weightier heads and plants.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0%e0
- Outcome
- heads and plantse0
- Direction
- weightiere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0% resulted in larger heads, weightier heads and plants”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0%, produced taller plants.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0%e0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of urea, especially 0.8 and 1.0% resulted in larger heads, weightier heads and plants as well as higher plants”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
No fertilizer-nitrogen application produced the greatest head and leaf dry matter contents.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- no fertilizer-nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- head and leaf dry matter contentse0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the greatest head and leaf dry matter contents were obtained with no fertilizer-nitrogen application”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
SPAD chlorophyll readings rose with increasing urea concentration in the third year.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- elevated urea concentrationse0
- Outcome
- SPAD chlorophyll readingse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- third yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SPAD chlorophyll readings that were measured in the third year increased with elevated urea concentrations”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea increased most nutrient contents in leaves and heads.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- soil nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea applicationse0
- Outcome
- content of almost all nutrients in leaves and headse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both broccoli cultivars in three experiment yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea applications increased the content of almost all nutrients in leaves and heads of both broccoli cultivars in three experiment years”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.0% urea application generally gave the greatest nutrient values for both cultivars.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 1.0% urea applicatione0
- Outcome
- greatest valuese0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the greatest values were obtained from 1.0% urea application for both cultivars”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 0.61% urea spray for optimum growth and yield of AG 3317 broccoli.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Material
- AG 3317e0
- Treatment
- 0.61e0
- Outcome
- better growth and yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for optimum yields 0.61 and 0.96% concentrations of urea sprays could be successfully used to obtain better growth and yield in broccoli cultivars AG 3317 and AG 3324, respectively”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 0.96% urea spray for optimum growth and yield of AG 3324 broccoli.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Material
- AG 3324e0
- Treatment
- 0.96% concentrations of urea sprayse0
- Outcome
- better growth and yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for optimum yields 0.61 and 0.96% concentrations of urea sprays could be successfully used to obtain better growth and yield in broccoli cultivars AG 3317 and AG 3324, respectively”
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica)”
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