Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is generally low in bioavailable zinc (Zn); however, agronomic biofortification can cure human Zn deficiency. In the present experiment, Zn was applied in pots as ZnSO4 · 7H2O to maize cultivar DK-6142 as foliar spray (0.5% w/v Zn sprayed 25 days after sowing and 0.25% w/v at tasseling), surface broadcasting (16 kg Zn ha−1), subsurface banding (16 kg Zn ha−1 at the depth of 15 cm), surface broadcasting + foliar and subsurface banding + foliar in comparison to an unfertilized control. As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize. Grain Zn and protein concentrations were correlated and ranged from 22.3 to 41.9 mg kg−1 and 9 to 12 %, respectively. Zinc fertilization also significantly reduced grain phytate and increased grain Zn concentration. Zinc fertilization, especially broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray decreased grain [phytate]:[Zn] ratio to 28 and 21 and increased Zn bioavailability by trivariate model of Zn absorption to 2.04 to 2.40, respectively. Conclusively, broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray is suitable for optimal maize yield and agronomic Zn biofortification of maize grain. This would also be helpful to optimize Zn and protein concentration in maize grain.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization treatments significantly increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes of maize compared with the unfertilized control.
- Material
- DK-6142e2
- Treatment
- all treatmentse1
- Outcome
- growth, yield and nutritional attributese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle2
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
e2“to maize cultivar DK-6142 as foliar spray (0.5% w/v Zn sprayed 25 days after sowing and 0.25% w/v at tasseling), surface broadcasting (16 kg Zn ha−1), subsurface banding (16 kg Zn ha−1 at the depth of 15 cm), surface broadcasting + foliar and subsurface banding + foliar in comparison to an unfertilized control”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain Zn and protein concentrations in maize were correlated.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Grain Zn and protein concentrations were correlated and ranged from 22.3 to 41.9 mg kg−1 and 9 to 12 %, respectively”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain Zn concentration ranged from 22.3 to 41.9 mg kg−1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Grain Zn and protein concentrations were correlated and ranged from 22.3 to 41.9 mg kg−1 and 9 to 12 %, respectively”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain protein concentration ranged from 9 to 12 %.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Grain Zn and protein concentrations were correlated and ranged from 22.3 to 41.9 mg kg−1 and 9 to 12 %, respectively”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization significantly reduced grain phytate in maize compared with the control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Zinc fertilization also significantly reduced grain phytate and increased grain Zn concentration”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization significantly increased grain Zn concentration in maize compared with the control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Zinc fertilization also significantly reduced grain phytate and increased grain Zn concentration”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray decreased the grain [phytate]:[Zn] ratio in maize to 28 and 21.
- Treatment
- broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spraye5
- Outcome
- [phytate]:[Zn] ratioe5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Value
- 28 and 21e5
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Zinc fertilization, especially broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray decreased grain [phytate]:[Zn] ratio to 28 and 21 and increased Zn bioavailability by trivariate model of Zn absorption to 2.04 to 2.40, respectively”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray increased Zn bioavailability in maize to 2.04 to 2.40.
- Treatment
- broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spraye5
- Outcome
- Zn bioavailabilitye5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 2.04 to 2.40e5
- Qualifier
- trivariate model of Zn absorptione5
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Zinc fertilization, especially broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray decreased grain [phytate]:[Zn] ratio to 28 and 21 and increased Zn bioavailability by trivariate model of Zn absorption to 2.04 to 2.40, respectively”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray is suitable for optimal maize yield and agronomic Zn biofortification of maize grain.
- Outcome
- optimal maize yield and agronomic Zn biofortification of maize graine6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“broadcasting and subsurface banding combined with foliar spray is suitable for optimal maize yield and agronomic Zn biofortification of maize grain”
e1“As compared to control, all treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased growth, yield and nutritional attributes in maize”
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