Abstract
A field experiment with three irrigation amounts and five nitrogen application levels was conducted to investigate the effects of water and nitrogen regulation on the growth characteristics, yield component factors, and water and nitrogen use efficiency of cotton in south Xinjiang under mulched drip irrigation. With the increasing amount of irrigation, the plant height, leaf number on main stem, boll number, LAI, and dry matter accumulation in leaf and stem improved significantly, but the root growth was restrained. As compared with low and high irrigation amounts (4950 and 6750 mm x hm(-2), respectively), medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2)) increased the available bolls per plant and the single boll mass averagely by 0.96 and 0.4 and by 0.22 and 0.11 g, respectively. When the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), as compared with other nitrogen application levels, the stem diameter increased significantly, and the growth of bud, boll, and root was accelerated. Moreover, the allocation ratio of dry matter from nutritional organs to reproductive organs under medium irrigation amount increased by 5.1% and 29.6% respectively, as compared with that under low and high irrigation amounts. Irrigation amount had significant effects on the cotton yield but little effects on the lint percentage, whereas nitrogen application level had definite effects on the cotton yield and lint percentage. However, low irrigation amount restrained the effects of nitrogen application on yield enhancement. In this experiment, when the irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), the cotton grew healthily, the plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramatically, the available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage increased, the cotton yield reached the highest (6992.33 kg x hm(-2)), and the water and nitrogen use efficiency amounted to 1.45 kg x m(-3) and 45.9%, respectively.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation significantly improved cotton height, main-stem leaf number, and boll number.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- increasing amount of irrigatione0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf number on main stem, boll numbere0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“With the increasing amount of irrigation, the plant height, leaf number on main stem, boll number, LAI, and dry matter accumulation in leaf and stem improved significantly, but the root growth was restrained.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation significantly improved cotton LAI and leaf and stem dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- increasing amount of irrigatione0
- Outcome
- LAI, and dry matter accumulation in leaf and steme0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“With the increasing amount of irrigation, the plant height, leaf number on main stem, boll number, LAI, and dry matter accumulation in leaf and stem improved significantly, but the root growth was restrained.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation restrained cotton root growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- increasing amount of irrigatione0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- restrainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“With the increasing amount of irrigation, the plant height, leaf number on main stem, boll number, LAI, and dry matter accumulation in leaf and stem improved significantly, but the root growth was restrained.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium irrigation increased available bolls by 0.96 per plant versus low irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2))e0
- Outcome
- available bolls per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.96e0
- Comparator
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“As compared with low and high irrigation amounts (4950 and 6750 mm x hm(-2), respectively), medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2)) increased the available bolls per plant and the single boll mass averagely by 0.96 and 0.4 and by 0.22 and 0.11 g, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium irrigation increased available bolls by 0.4 per plant versus high irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2))e0
- Outcome
- available bolls per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.4e0
- Comparator
- high irrigation amountse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“As compared with low and high irrigation amounts (4950 and 6750 mm x hm(-2), respectively), medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2)) increased the available bolls per plant and the single boll mass averagely by 0.96 and 0.4 and by 0.22 and 0.11 g, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium irrigation increased single boll mass by 0.22 g versus low irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2))e0
- Outcome
- single boll masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.22e0
- Comparator
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“As compared with low and high irrigation amounts (4950 and 6750 mm x hm(-2), respectively), medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2)) increased the available bolls per plant and the single boll mass averagely by 0.96 and 0.4 and by 0.22 and 0.11 g, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium irrigation increased single boll mass by 0.11 g versus high irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2))e0
- Outcome
- single boll masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.11 ge0
- Comparator
- high irrigation amountse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“As compared with low and high irrigation amounts (4950 and 6750 mm x hm(-2), respectively), medium irrigation amount (5850 mm x hm(-2)) increased the available bolls per plant and the single boll mass averagely by 0.96 and 0.4 and by 0.22 and 0.11 g, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 300 kg x hm(-2) significantly increased stem diameter over other levels.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- stem diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- other nitrogen application levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“When the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), as compared with other nitrogen application levels, the stem diameter increased significantly, and the growth of bud, boll, and root was accelerated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 300 kg x hm(-2) accelerated bud, boll, and root growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- growth of bud, boll, and roote0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Comparator
- other nitrogen application levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“When the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), as compared with other nitrogen application levels, the stem diameter increased significantly, and the growth of bud, boll, and root was accelerated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium irrigation increased dry matter allocation to reproductive organs by 5.1% versus low irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- medium irrigation amounte0
- Outcome
- allocation ratio of dry matter from nutritional organs to reproductive organse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.1%e0
- Comparator
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“the allocation ratio of dry matter from nutritional organs to reproductive organs under medium irrigation amount increased by 5.1% and 29.6% respectively, as compared with that under low and high irrigation amounts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium irrigation increased dry matter allocation to reproductive organs by 29.6% versus high irrigation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- medium irrigation amounte0
- Outcome
- allocation ratio of dry matter from nutritional organs to reproductive organse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 29.6%e0
- Comparator
- high irrigation amountse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“the allocation ratio of dry matter from nutritional organs to reproductive organs under medium irrigation amount increased by 5.1% and 29.6% respectively, as compared with that under low and high irrigation amounts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation amount significantly affected cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation amounte0
- Outcome
- cotton yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“Irrigation amount had significant effects on the cotton yield but little effects on the lint percentage, whereas nitrogen application level had definite effects on the cotton yield and lint percentage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation amount had little effect on lint percentage.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation amounte0
- Outcome
- lint percentagee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“Irrigation amount had significant effects on the cotton yield but little effects on the lint percentage, whereas nitrogen application level had definite effects on the cotton yield and lint percentage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application level affected cotton yield and lint percentage.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen application levele0
- Outcome
- cotton yield and lint percentagee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“Irrigation amount had significant effects on the cotton yield but little effects on the lint percentage, whereas nitrogen application level had definite effects on the cotton yield and lint percentage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low irrigation restrained nitrogen-driven yield enhancement.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- low irrigation amounte0
- Outcome
- effects of nitrogen application on yield enhancemente0
- Direction
- restrainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“low irrigation amount restrained the effects of nitrogen application on yield enhancement.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined 5850 mm x hm(-2) irrigation and 300 kg x hm(-2) nitrogen treatment optimized plant shape and promoted dry matter allocation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramaticallye0
- Direction
- promoted dramaticallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“when the irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), the cotton grew healthily, the plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramatically, the available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage increased, the cotton yield reached the highest (6992.33 kg x hm(-2)), and the water and nitrogen use efficiency amounted to 1.45 kg x m(-3) and 45.9%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“when the irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), the cotton grew healthily, the plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramatically, the available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage increased, the cotton yield reached the highest (6992.33 kg x hm(-2)), and the water and nitrogen use efficiency amounted to 1.45 kg x m(-3) and 45.9%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment gave the highest cotton yield of 6992.33 kg x hm(-2).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- cotton yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6992.33 kg x hm(-2)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“when the irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), the cotton grew healthily, the plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramatically, the available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage increased, the cotton yield reached the highest (6992.33 kg x hm(-2)), and the water and nitrogen use efficiency amounted to 1.45 kg x m(-3) and 45.9%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency under the combined treatment was 1.45 kg x m(-3).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Value
- 1.45 kg x m(-3)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“when the irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), the cotton grew healthily, the plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramatically, the available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage increased, the cotton yield reached the highest (6992.33 kg x hm(-2)), and the water and nitrogen use efficiency amounted to 1.45 kg x m(-3) and 45.9%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency under the combined treatment was 45.9%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Outcome
- nitrogen use efficiencye0
- Value
- 45.9%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“when the irrigation amount was 5850 mm x hm(-2) and the nitrogen application level was 300 kg x hm(-2), the cotton grew healthily, the plant shape structure was optimized, the dry matter allocation to reproductive organs was promoted dramatically, the available bolls, single boll mass, and lint percentage increased, the cotton yield reached the highest (6992.33 kg x hm(-2)), and the water and nitrogen use efficiency amounted to 1.45 kg x m(-3) and 45.9%, respectively.”
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See all 343 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.