Abstract
Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes and improving effects , including nutrient compositions, rumen degradation rate, sense parameters and palatability were analyzed. The results showed that three treatment measures all raised the crude protein percentage by 10.3%, 15.6% and 11.8%, and decreased crude fiber content by 4.0%, 11.2% and 21.8% in straw, respectively. Analysis of the rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in rice straw treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes showed that all treatment had the improvement effects, the complex bacteria treatment was the best and rumen degradation rates reached 40.90%, 33.83% and 34.24%, respectively. Results from sense and palatability evaluations showed that, besides rice straw treated with urea had a strong ammonia flavor, rice straw treated with complex bacteria and complex enzymes had a strong sour and fragrant flavor, animals liked to intake.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Urea treatment raised the crude protein percentage of rice straw by 10.3%.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- ureae2
- Outcome
- crude protein percentagee1
- Direction
- raisede1
- Value
- 10.3%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e1“all raised the crude protein percentage by 10.3%, 15.6% and 11.8%”
e2“Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex bacteria treatment raised the crude protein percentage of rice straw by 15.6%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- complex bacteriae2
- Outcome
- crude protein percentagee1
- Direction
- raisede1
- Value
- 15.6%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e1“all raised the crude protein percentage by 10.3%, 15.6% and 11.8%”
e2“Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex enzyme treatment raised the crude protein percentage of rice straw by 11.8%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- complex enzymese2
- Outcome
- crude protein percentagee1
- Direction
- raisede1
- Value
- 11.8%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e1“all raised the crude protein percentage by 10.3%, 15.6% and 11.8%”
e2“Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea treatment decreased the crude fiber content of rice straw by 4.0%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- ureae2
- Outcome
- crude fiber contente3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 4.0%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e2“Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes”
e3“decreased crude fiber content by 4.0%, 11.2% and 21.8% in straw, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex bacteria treatment decreased the crude fiber content of rice straw by 11.2%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- complex bacteriae2
- Outcome
- crude fiber contente3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 11.2%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e2“Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes”
e3“decreased crude fiber content by 4.0%, 11.2% and 21.8% in straw, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex enzyme treatment decreased the crude fiber content of rice straw by 21.8%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- complex enzymese2
- Outcome
- crude fiber contente3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 21.8%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e2“Rice straw was treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes”
e3“decreased crude fiber content by 4.0%, 11.2% and 21.8% in straw, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
All three treatments of rice straw improved the rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawt0
- Treatment
- urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymese4
- Outcome
- rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fibere4
- Direction
- improvement effectse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e4“Analysis of the rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in rice straw treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes showed that all treatment had the improvement effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex bacteria treatment gave the best rumen degradation rate of dry matter of rice straw, 40.90%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- complex bacteriae5
- Outcome
- rumen degradation rates of dry mattere4
- Direction
- beste5
- Value
- 40.90%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e4“Analysis of the rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in rice straw treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes showed that all treatment had the improvement effects”
e5“the complex bacteria treatment was the best and rumen degradation rates reached 40.90%, 33.83% and 34.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex bacteria treatment gave the best rumen degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber of rice straw, 33.83%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- complex bacteriae5
- Outcome
- neutral detergent fibere4
- Direction
- beste5
- Value
- 33.83%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e4“Analysis of the rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in rice straw treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes showed that all treatment had the improvement effects”
e5“the complex bacteria treatment was the best and rumen degradation rates reached 40.90%, 33.83% and 34.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex bacteria treatment gave the best rumen degradation rate of acid detergent fiber of rice straw, 34.24%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- complex bacteriae5
- Outcome
- acid detergent fibere4
- Direction
- beste5
- Value
- 34.24%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e4“Analysis of the rumen degradation rates of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in rice straw treated with urea, complex bacteria and complex enzymes showed that all treatment had the improvement effects”
e5“the complex bacteria treatment was the best and rumen degradation rates reached 40.90%, 33.83% and 34.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw treated with urea had a strong ammonia flavor.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe6
- Treatment
- ureae6
- Outcome
- ammonia flavore6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e6“besides rice straw treated with urea had a strong ammonia flavor”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw treated with complex bacteria and complex enzymes had a strong sour and fragrant flavor.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe7
- Treatment
- complex bacteria and complex enzymese7
- Outcome
- sour and fragrant flavore7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e7“rice straw treated with complex bacteria and complex enzymes had a strong sour and fragrant flavor”
Claim · model-written summary
Animals liked to intake the treated rice straw (palatability).
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- intakee7
- Qualifier
- animals liked to intakee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nutritional Value of Rice Straw”
e7“animals liked to intake”
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