Abstract
Gravitropism is an important factor in determining root architecture and directs roots to grow downward in soil and thus may have a great affect on the uptake of water and mineral ions required for plant growth and development.Ammonium profoundly affects root architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana.Despite the inhibitory effects of high ammonium on root length and the number of lateral roots,however,very little is known concerning the influence of ammonium on root growth direction.Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana using indoor agar media for a simulation to study the effects of high ammonium on root growth direction.It was found that NH4+ stress not only inhibited plant growth,but also affected root growth direction.Kinetics results for a 30-h assay window showed that 10 mmol/L(NH4)2SO4 delayed root gravitropism,while 30 mmol/L(NH4)2SO4 significantly reduced root gravitropic curvature.Reduction the nutrients in basic medium,root agravitropic response induced by NH4+ occurred at a lower concentration.Adding Ca(NO3)2 partially restored the inhibition of NH4+ on root elongation,but had no effects on NH4+ induced root gravitropic angle.When NH4+ was supplied separately to different parts of the plants,the effect of NH4+ on root gravitropism was mainly from the root-supplied NH4+.These results preliminarily indicate that the influence of ammonium on root growth direction is partially independent of its effect on root elongation and is not due to the deficiency of cations such as Ca2+,but may be related with the alteration of root physiological processes when root exposed to high NH4+.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
NH4+ stress inhibited Arabidopsis plant growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Treatment
- NH4+ stresse0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH4+ stress not only inhibited plant growth,but also affected root growth direction”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
NH4+ stress altered root growth direction.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- NH4+ stresse0
- Outcome
- root growth directione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH4+ stress not only inhibited plant growth,but also affected root growth direction”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
10 mmol/L ammonium sulfate delayed root gravitropism over 30 hours.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- 10 mmol/L(NH4)2SO4e0
- Outcome
- root gravitropisme0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Qualifier
- 30-h assay windowe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kinetics results for a 30-h assay window showed that 10 mmol/L(NH4)2SO4 delayed root gravitropism”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
30 mmol/L ammonium sulfate significantly reduced root gravitropic curvature.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- 30 mmol/L(NH4)2SO4e0
- Outcome
- root gravitropic curvaturee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30 mmol/L(NH4)2SO4 significantly reduced root gravitropic curvature”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing basic-medium nutrients shifted NH4+-induced agravitropism to a lower ammonium concentration.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Reduction the nutrients in basic mediume0
- Outcome
- root agravitropic response induced by NH4+e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction the nutrients in basic medium,root agravitropic response induced by NH4+ occurred at a lower concentration”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca(NO3)2 partly restored root elongation inhibited by NH4+.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Adding Ca(NO3)2e0
- Outcome
- root elongatione0
- Direction
- partially restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding Ca(NO3)2 partially restored the inhibition of NH4+ on root elongation”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca(NO3)2 had no effect on NH4+-induced root gravitropic angle.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Adding Ca(NO3)2e0
- Outcome
- NH4+ induced root gravitropic anglee0
- Direction
- no effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding Ca(NO3)2 partially restored the inhibition of NH4+ on root elongation,but had no effects on NH4+ induced root gravitropic angle”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Root supplied NH4+ was chiefly responsible for its effect on root gravitropism.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Outcome
- effect of NH4+ on root gravitropisme0
- Qualifier
- root-supplied NH4+e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of NH4+ on root gravitropism was mainly from the root-supplied NH4+”
e1“Experiments were performed with Arabidopsis thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.