Abstract
An experiment was conducted for 3 continuous years to study the effects of different organic fertilizers(cattle manure,chicken manure,sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure) on fruit yield and quality of Feicheng peach in order to provide the theoretical foundations for high yield and quality.The results show that compared with the control(CK),differences of the single fruit weight are not significant,while the yields are all increased significantly.Compared with the CK,contents of chlorophyll a,b,a+b and carotenoids are increased.The daily trend of Pn is high-low-high-low under the organic fertilizer treatments,the peaks are at 11: 30(higher peak) and 15: 30(lower peak),and are highest under the mixed manure treatment at 11:30,which is 21.5 μmol/(m2·s),and under the chicken manure treatment at 15: 30,which is 18.6 μmol/(m2·s).The fruit firmness is increased significantly under the chicken manure treatment compared with CK.The nutritive indexes such as total soluble solids(TSS),total soluble solids/titrable acids(TSS/TA) and vitamin C(Vc),are increased under the organic fertilizer treatments,and the contents of TSS are increased significantly under all treatments except the pig manure.The contents of TSS/TA are increased significantly under the sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure treatments,and by 17.40%,7.14% and 15.60% respectively.The variety and contents of main aroma components are increased under all treatments.The relative contents of green note components are lower than those of the CK,while the fruity note and sweet note are higher than those of the CK,and these results indicate that aroma has the tendency of transforming from green note to fruity note and sweet note.Besides,the characteristic flavor compounds such as ethyl acetate,acetic acid,methyl formate,hexyl acetate and methyl propionate,(E)2-hexen-1-ol,(Z)-2-hexen-1-ol and(Z)-4-hexen-1-ol,(E)-2-Hexenal and 2,4-Hexadienal,and benzaldehyde are tested.Taken together,the nutrition and aroma quality are both improved under all organic fertilizers treatments,therefore the organic fertilizer application is strongly recommended in production of Feicheng peach.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers did not significantly change single fruit weight.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)
Prunus persicat0 - Treatment
- organic fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- single fruit weighte0
- Direction
- not significante0
- Comparator
- control(CK)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“organic fertilizers(cattle manure,chicken manure,sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure) on fruit yield and quality of Feicheng peach in order to provide the theoretical foundations for high yield and quality.The results show that compared with the control(CK),differences of the single fruit weight are not significant,while the yields are all increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers significantly increased yield relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control(CK)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“organic fertilizers(cattle manure,chicken manure,sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure) on fruit yield and quality of Feicheng peach in order to provide the theoretical foundations for high yield and quality.The results show that compared with the control(CK),differences of the single fruit weight are not significant,while the yields are all increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer increased chlorophyll a.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“Compared with the CK,contents of chlorophyll a,b,a+b and carotenoids are increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer increased b.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- be0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“Compared with the CK,contents of chlorophyll a,b,a+b and carotenoids are increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer increased a+b.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- a+be0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“Compared with the CK,contents of chlorophyll a,b,a+b and carotenoids are increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer increased carotenoids.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- carotenoidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“Compared with the CK,contents of chlorophyll a,b,a+b and carotenoids are increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Under organic fertilizers, daily Pn followed a high-low-high-low pattern with peaks at 11:30 and 15:30.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizer treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Pne0
- Direction
- high-low-high-lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The daily trend of Pn is high-low-high-low under the organic fertilizer treatments,the peaks are at 11: 30(higher peak) and 15: 30(lower peak)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed manure gave the highest Pn at 11:30, 21.5 μmol/(m2·s).
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- mixed manure treatmente0
- Outcome
- higheste0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 21.5 μmol/(m2·s)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“and are highest under the mixed manure treatment at 11:30,which is 21.5 μmol/(m2·s)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chicken manure gave the highest Pn at 15:30, 18.6 μmol/(m2·s).
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- chicken manure treatmente0
- Outcome
- 15: 30e0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 18.6 μmol/(m2·s)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“and under the chicken manure treatment at 15: 30,which is 18.6 μmol/(m2·s)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chicken manure significantly increased fruit firmness.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- chicken manure treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The fruit firmness is increased significantly under the chicken manure treatment compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers increased vitamin C.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizer treatmentse0
- Outcome
- vitamin C(Vc)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“vitamin C(Vc),are increased under the organic fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers except pig manure significantly increased TSS.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- all treatments except the pig manuree0
- Outcome
- contents of TSSe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“the contents of TSS are increased significantly under all treatments except the pig manure”
Claim · model-written summary
sheep manure significantly increased TSS/TA by 17.40%.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- contents of TSS/TAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The contents of TSS/TA are increased significantly under the sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure treatments,and by 17.40%,7.14% and 15.60% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
pig manure significantly increased TSS/TA by 7.14%.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- pig manuree0
- Outcome
- contents of TSS/TAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.14%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The contents of TSS/TA are increased significantly under the sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure treatments,and by 17.40%,7.14% and 15.60% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
mixing manure significantly increased TSS/TA by 15.60%.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- mixing manuree0
- Outcome
- contents of TSS/TAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15.60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The contents of TSS/TA are increased significantly under the sheep manure,pig manure and mixing manure treatments,and by 17.40%,7.14% and 15.60% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments increased the variety and content of main aroma components.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- variety and contents of main aroma componentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The variety and contents of main aroma components are increased under all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments reduced relative green-note components.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- relative contents of green note componentse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“The relative contents of green note components are lower than those of the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments raised fruity and sweet notes relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- fruity note and sweet notee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“the fruity note and sweet note are higher than those of the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Several characteristic flavor compounds were detected in peach fruit.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- characteristic flavor compoundse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“the characteristic flavor compounds such as ethyl acetate,acetic acid,methyl formate,hexyl acetate and methyl propionate,(E)2-hexen-1-ol,(Z)-2-hexen-1-ol and(Z)-4-hexen-1-ol,(E)-2-Hexenal and 2,4-Hexadienal,and benzaldehyde are tested”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors strongly recommend organic fertilizer in Feicheng peach production.
- Taxon
- Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)Prunus persicat0
- Outcome
- organic fertilizer applicatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Feicheng peach (Prunus persica cv. Feicheng)”
e0“the organic fertilizer application is strongly recommended in production of Feicheng peach”
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