Abstract
To understand the effects of different tillage and fertilization modes on the weed growth in wheat-maize rotation system in North China Plain,an investigation was made on the no-tillage wheat field which is set up 5 years ago. No-tillage had a trend of decreasing the total density of weeds and the density of dominant species flixweed at the early stage of wheat growth,but the difference between traditional tillage and no-tillage was not significant. The weed biomass under no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased significantly,in which the flixweed biomass decreased by 57% and 73%,respectively,compared with that under traditional tillage. No-tillage also decreased the dry weight per flixweed plant by 27%-53%. Compared with conventional tillage,no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased the flixweed height by 25% and 19%,respectively. Generally,tillage mode had little effects on the growth of purple mustard and corn gromwell,while concentrated fertilizing decreased the total biomass of weeds by 21%-68%,flixweed biomass by 58%-65%,and corn gromwell biomass by 91%,compared with repeated fertilization. It was concluded that no-tillage could inhibit the growth of several weeds,while topdressing could promote the rapid growth of weeds.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage tended to decrease total weed density and flixweed density early in wheat growth, but not significantly versus traditional tillage.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- No-tillagee0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Second interactor
- flixweede0weed
- Outcome
- total density of weeds and the density of dominant species flixweede0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Comparator
- traditional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No-tillage had a trend of decreasing the total density of weeds and the density of dominant species flixweed at the early stage of wheat growth,but the difference between traditional tillage and no-tillage was not significant”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage with straw remained reduced flixweed biomass by 57% compared with traditional tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- no-tillage with straw remainede1
- Interactor
- flixweede1weed
- Outcome
- flixweed biomasse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 57%e1
- Comparator
- traditional tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The weed biomass under no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased significantly,in which the flixweed biomass decreased by 57% and 73%,respectively,compared with that under traditional tillage”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage with straw removed reduced flixweed biomass by 73% compared with traditional tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- with straw removede1
- Interactor
- flixweede1weed
- Outcome
- flixweed biomasse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 73%e1
- Comparator
- traditional tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The weed biomass under no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased significantly,in which the flixweed biomass decreased by 57% and 73%,respectively,compared with that under traditional tillage”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage significantly decreased weed biomass in wheat fields, with straw remained and with straw removed.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee2
- Interactor
- weede2weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The weed biomass under no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased significantly”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage decreased the dry weight per flixweed plant by 27% to 53%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- No-tillagee3
- Interactor
- flixweede3weed
- Outcome
- dry weight per flixweed plante3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 27%-53%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“No-tillage also decreased the dry weight per flixweed plant by 27%-53%”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage with straw remained decreased flixweed height by 25% compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- no-tillage with straw remainede4
- Interactor
- flixweede4weed
- Outcome
- flixweed heighte4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 25%e4
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Compared with conventional tillage,no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased the flixweed height by 25% and 19%,respectively”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage with straw removed decreased flixweed height by 19% compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- with straw removede4
- Interactor
- flixweede4weed
- Outcome
- flixweed heighte4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 19%e4
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Compared with conventional tillage,no-tillage with straw remained and with straw removed decreased the flixweed height by 25% and 19%,respectively”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage mode had little effect on the growth of purple mustard and corn gromwell weeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tillage modee5
- Interactor
- purple mustarde5weed
- Second interactor
- corn gromwell
Buglossoides arvensise5weed - Outcome
- growth of purple mustard and corn gromwelle5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Generally,tillage mode had little effects on the growth of purple mustard and corn gromwell”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
Concentrated fertilizing decreased total weed biomass by 21% to 68% compared with repeated fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- concentrated fertilizinge6
- Interactor
- weedse6weed
- Outcome
- total biomass of weedse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 21%-68%e6
- Comparator
- repeated fertilizatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“concentrated fertilizing decreased the total biomass of weeds by 21%-68%,flixweed biomass by 58%-65%,and corn gromwell biomass by 91%,compared with repeated fertilization”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
Concentrated fertilizing decreased flixweed biomass by 58% to 65% compared with repeated fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- concentrated fertilizinge6
- Interactor
- flixweede6weed
- Outcome
- flixweed biomasse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 58%-65%e6
- Comparator
- repeated fertilizatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“concentrated fertilizing decreased the total biomass of weeds by 21%-68%,flixweed biomass by 58%-65%,and corn gromwell biomass by 91%,compared with repeated fertilization”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
Concentrated fertilizing decreased corn gromwell biomass by 91% compared with repeated fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- concentrated fertilizinge6
- Interactor
- corn gromwellBuglossoides arvensise6weed
- Outcome
- corn gromwell biomasse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 91%e6
- Comparator
- repeated fertilizatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“concentrated fertilizing decreased the total biomass of weeds by 21%-68%,flixweed biomass by 58%-65%,and corn gromwell biomass by 91%,compared with repeated fertilization”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage could inhibit the growth of several weeds in wheat fields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee7
- Interactor
- weedse7weed
- Outcome
- the growth of several weedse7
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede7
- Qualifier
- coulde7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“It was concluded that no-tillage could inhibit the growth of several weeds”
t0“wheat field”
Claim · model-written summary
Topdressing could promote rapid growth of weeds in wheat fields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- topdressinge6
- Interactor
- weedse6weed
- Outcome
- rapid growth of weedse6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Qualifier
- coulde6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“while topdressing could promote the rapid growth of weeds”
t0“wheat field”
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