Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of planting system on the fruit quality of Satsuma mandarin (Uenowase) in citrus orchard. The planting system was flat field planting, ridge-up bed with 50 cm, root restriction (soil surface was covered with non-woven fabric sheet and then was filled by soil up to 50 cm), and root restriction+polyethylene mulching at fruit developing period. Fruit weight at flat field, ridge-up bed, root restriction, and root restriction+P.E. mulching were 128.6, 124.2, 118.8, 105.2 g, respectively, showing that fruit weight at root restriction or root restriction+P.E. mulching had a tendency of decreasing as compared with that of flat field. Peel thickness had a similar trend as fruit weight, showing that peel thickness was decreased by 0.4 mm as compared with that of flat field. Generally, the soluble solids level is considered to be representing the fruit quality. It had 9.0, 9.3, 9.2, 11.3 Bx for flat field, ridge-up bed, root restriction, and root restriction+P.E. mulching, respectively. It showed 2.3 Bx difference between flat field and root restriction+P.E. mulching. Acidity showed the similar trend to that of the soluble solids level depending on the planting system, but there were no significant difference among treatments. The planting system applied, in the order of decreasing soil moisture potential, were: flat field, ridge-up bed, root restriction, and root restriction+P.E. mulching, respectively. The time required to reach -1.3 Mpa at 20 cm deep in soil, which are supposed to be the ideal soil moisture potential for high quality satsuma mandarin production, was 100 days only at root restriction+P.E. mulching. Diffusion resistance increased in the order of restriction+P.E. mulching, restriction, ridge-up bed, and flat field, and thus transpiration volume decreased.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit weight tended to decrease under root restriction or root restriction plus mulching relative to flat field.
- Taxon
- Satsuma Mandarin
Citrus unshiut0 - Treatment
- root restriction or root restriction+P.E. mulchinge0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Comparator
- flat fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit weight at root restriction or root restriction+P.E. mulching had a tendency of decreasing as compared with that of flat field”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
Claim · model-written summary
Peel thickness decreased by 0.4 mm relative to flat field.
- Taxon
- Satsuma MandarinCitrus unshiut0
- Outcome
- peel thicknesse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 0.4 mme0
- Comparator
- flat fielde0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peel thickness was decreased by 0.4 mm as compared with that of flat field”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble solids were 2.3 Bx higher with root restriction and P.E. mulching than in flat field.
- Taxon
- Satsuma MandarinCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- root restriction+P.E. mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soluble solids levele1
- Value
- 2.3 Bxe0
- Comparator
- flat fielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It showed 2.3 Bx difference between flat field and root restriction+P.E. mulching”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
e1“Generally, the soluble solids level is considered to be representing the fruit quality.”
Claim · model-written summary
Acidity varied similarly to soluble solids across planting systems but differences were not significant.
- Taxon
- Satsuma MandarinCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- planting systeme0
- Outcome
- Aciditye0
- Comparator
- among treatmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acidity showed the similar trend to that of the soluble solids level depending on the planting system, but there were no significant difference among treatments”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture potential decreased across flat field, ridge-up bed, root restriction and root restriction with P.E. mulching.
- Taxon
- Satsuma MandarinCitrus unshiut0
- Outcome
- soil moisture potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Qualifier
- flat field, ridge-up bed, root restriction, and root restriction+P.E. mulchinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the order of decreasing soil moisture potential, were: flat field, ridge-up bed, root restriction, and root restriction+P.E. mulching”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
Claim · model-written summary
Only root restriction plus P.E. mulching reached -1.3 Mpa at 20 cm soil depth in 100 days.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- root restriction+P.E. mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soil moisture potentiale0
- Value
- 100 dayse0
- Qualifier
- -1.3 Mpa at 20 cm deep in soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The time required to reach -1.3 Mpa at 20 cm deep in soil, which are supposed to be the ideal soil moisture potential for high quality satsuma mandarin production, was 100 days only at root restriction+P.E. mulching”
Claim · model-written summary
Diffusion resistance increased across the listed planting systems.
- Taxon
- Satsuma MandarinCitrus unshiut0
- Outcome
- Diffusion resistancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- restriction+P.E. mulching, restriction, ridge-up bed, and flat fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diffusion resistance increased in the order of restriction+P.E. mulching, restriction, ridge-up bed, and flat field”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration volume decreased as diffusion resistance increased.
- Taxon
- Satsuma MandarinCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- restriction+P.E. mulching, restriction, ridge-up bed, and flat fielde0
- Outcome
- transpiration volumee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diffusion resistance increased in the order of restriction+P.E. mulching, restriction, ridge-up bed, and flat field, and thus transpiration volume decreased”
t0“Satsuma Mandarin”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · quality: sugar starch · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
phosphorus · quality: sugar starch · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
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phosphorus · yield · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
mulching · yield · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.