Abstract
This study assessed the response of photosynthesis, chlorophyll content (CC), stomatal conductance (SC) and intercepted radiation (IR) of chickpea to biochar (0, 5 10 and 20 t ha-1) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer (0 and 90 kg ha-1) rates in Thohoyandou, South Africa in 2013/2014 summer and winter seasons. Photosynthesis, CC, SC and IR were determined at vegetative and reproductive stages. Biochar increased SC and CC by 22 - 49% and 57 – 126%, respectively. P increased CC by up to 9% in the winter sowing. IR increased with P and biochar application in both sowings. Biochar increased plant height only at 70 days after emergence and P increased plant height at all plant growth stages. Biochar and phosphorus did not affect photosynthesis in either season. Therefore the use of biochar and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer may be beneficial in chickpea cropping systems characterised by poor soils and dry winter seasons.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased chickpea stomatal conductance by 22 - 49%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochar increased SC and CC by 22 - 49% and 57 – 126%, respectively.”
e1“stomatal conductance (SC) and intercepted radiation (IR) of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased chickpea chlorophyll content by 57 – 126%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochar increased SC and CC by 22 - 49% and 57 – 126%, respectively.”
e1“chlorophyll content (CC)”
e2“of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased chickpea chlorophyll content by up to 9% in winter sowing.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume1 - Treatment
- Pe0
- Outcome
- CCe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- up to 9%e0
- Qualifier
- winter sowinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P increased CC by up to 9% in the winter sowing.”
e1“of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased intercepted radiation in chickpea in both sowings.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IR increased with P and biochar application in both sowings.”
e1“intercepted radiation (IR) of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased intercepted radiation in chickpea in both sowings.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- biochare0
- Outcome
- IRe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both sowingse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IR increased with P and biochar application in both sowings.”
e1“intercepted radiation (IR) of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased chickpea plant height only at 70 days after emergence.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Biochare0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- only at 70 days after emergencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochar increased plant height only at 70 days after emergence”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased chickpea plant height at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Pe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- all plant growth stagese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P increased plant height at all plant growth stages.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar did not affect chickpea photosynthesis in either season.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Biochare0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- either seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochar and phosphorus did not affect photosynthesis in either season.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus did not affect chickpea photosynthesis in either season.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- either seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochar and phosphorus did not affect photosynthesis in either season.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest biochar and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer for chickpea systems with poor soils and dry winters.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- use of biochar and inorganic phosphorus fertilizere0
- Qualifier
- poor soils and dry winter seasonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of biochar and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer may be beneficial in chickpea cropping systems characterised by poor soils and dry winter seasons.”
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.