Abstract
Producing temperate-zone fruit crops in subtropical environments requires alterations in fertilizer application and rates. Nitrogen (N) is a critical mineral nutrient required in high amounts by the tree; however, it is often over- or under-applied for optimal fruit quality and can affect the phytochemical composition of fruits. The effects of different N fertilizer rates and harvest date on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and organic acids (citric and malic acid) of two subtropical peach ( Prunus persica ) cultivars, TropicBeauty and UFSharp, were investigated. N rate did not affect total soluble solids in ‘TropicBeauty’, although total soluble solids decreased as N rate increased in ‘UFSharp’. Titratable acidity and organic acid content was significantly higher in ‘UFSharp’ as compared with ‘TropicBeauty’, although there was no effect of N rate on titratable acidity. An overall increase in phenolic content, flavonoid content, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were observed with decreasing N rates in both subtropical peach cultivars. A stronger genotype × N treatment interaction was observed for ‘TropicBeauty’ for phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity than for ‘UFSharp’. In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed. A positive correlation among phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity was observed in both ‘TropicBeauty’ and ‘UFSharp’. Late harvest date decreased phenolic content in ‘TropicBeauty’, ranging from 6% to 32% among different N treatments. Late harvest increased anthocyanin content as compared with fruit that were harvested on early dates. The results suggest that subtropical peach phytochemical composition can be affected by different cultivars and tree age, and can be manipulated with cultural practices like N fertilization and harvest time to produce fruit with altered or desired nutritional composition for consumers.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
N rate did not affect total soluble solids in TropicBeauty peach.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicat0 - Material
- TropicBeautye0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e0“N rate did not affect total soluble solids in ‘TropicBeauty’, although total soluble solids decreased as N rate increased in ‘UFSharp’”
Claim · model-written summary
Total soluble solids decreased as N rate increased in UFSharp peach.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- UFSharpe0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e0“N rate did not affect total soluble solids in ‘TropicBeauty’, although total soluble solids decreased as N rate increased in ‘UFSharp’”
Claim · model-written summary
Titratable acidity and organic acid content were significantly higher in UFSharp than in TropicBeauty peach.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- UFSharpe1
- Outcome
- Titratable acidity and organic acid contente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- TropicBeautye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e1“Titratable acidity and organic acid content was significantly higher in ‘UFSharp’ as compared with ‘TropicBeauty’”
Claim · model-written summary
N rate had no effect on titratable acidity in peach.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- N ratee2
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye2
- Direction
- no effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e2“there was no effect of N rate on titratable acidity”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic content and flavonoid content increased overall with decreasing N rates in both peach cultivars.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- decreasing N ratese3
- Outcome
- phenolic content, flavonoid contente3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e3“An overall increase in phenolic content, flavonoid content, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were observed with decreasing N rates in both subtropical peach cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant capacity increased overall with decreasing N rates in both peach cultivars.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- decreasing N ratese3
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitye3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e3“An overall increase in phenolic content, flavonoid content, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were observed with decreasing N rates in both subtropical peach cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanins increased overall with decreasing N rates in both peach cultivars.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- decreasing N ratese3
- Outcome
- anthocyaninse3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e3“An overall increase in phenolic content, flavonoid content, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were observed with decreasing N rates in both subtropical peach cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
In TropicBeauty, phenolic content was almost 100% higher among treatments with no N than with the highest N.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye4
- Treatment
- no Ne4
- Outcome
- phenolic contente4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 100%e4
- Comparator
- highest Ne4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e4“In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
In TropicBeauty, flavonoid content was 200% higher among treatments with no N than with the highest N.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye4
- Treatment
- no Ne4
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 200%e4
- Comparator
- highest Ne4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e4“In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
In TropicBeauty, anthocyanin content was 50% higher among treatments with no N than with the highest N.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye4
- Treatment
- no Ne4
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 50%e4
- Comparator
- highest Ne4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e4“In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
In TropicBeauty, antioxidant activity was 80% higher among treatments with no N than with the highest N.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye4
- Treatment
- no Ne4
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 80%e4
- Comparator
- highest Ne4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e4“In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity were positively correlated in both peach cultivars.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye5
- Outcome
- phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacitye5
- Direction
- positivee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e5“A positive correlation among phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity was observed in both ‘TropicBeauty’ and ‘UFSharp’”
Claim · model-written summary
The genotype by N treatment interaction was stronger for TropicBeauty than for UFSharp for phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye6
- Outcome
- genotype × N treatment interactione6
- Direction
- strongere6
- Comparator
- UFSharpe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e6“A stronger genotype × N treatment interaction was observed for ‘TropicBeauty’ for phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity than for ‘UFSharp’”
Claim · model-written summary
Late harvest date decreased phenolic content in TropicBeauty peach by 6% to 32% across N treatments.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- TropicBeautye7
- Treatment
- Late harvest datee7
- Outcome
- phenolic contente7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Value
- 6% to 32%e7
- Qualifier
- among different N treatmentse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e7“Late harvest date decreased phenolic content in ‘TropicBeauty’, ranging from 6% to 32% among different N treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Late harvest increased anthocyanin content compared with early harvest dates in peach.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Late harveste7
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- fruit that were harvested on early datese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e7“Late harvest increased anthocyanin content as compared with fruit that were harvested on early dates”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytochemical composition of subtropical peach can be manipulated by cultural practices such as N fertilization and harvest time.
Verbatim
t0“Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality”
e6“subtropical peach phytochemical composition can be affected by different cultivars and tree age, and can be manipulated with cultural practices like N fertilization and harvest time”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: sugar starch · Prunus persica (peach)Results differ
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.