Abstract
The transition of skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis is induced by the perception of light, and is characterized by the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and opening of cotyledons. Although it is known that the plant hormone cytokinin inhibits hypocotyl elongation in dark-grown Arabidopsis plants when applied in high concentrations, it is unclear to what extent this response is the result of cytokinin alone or cytokinin-induced ethylene production. Here, we show that cytokinin-induced inhibition of hypocotyl elongation is largely independent of ethylene and suggest a close connection between the cytokinin two-component system and the light-signaling networks. We show that this cytokinin signal is mainly mediated through the cytokinin receptor ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE3 and the ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 in combination with ARR12. Interestingly, mutation of CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPOGENIC1 (COP1), DE-ETIOLATED1, and CYTOKININ INSENSITIVE4/COP10 renders plants insensitive to cytokinin, and these factors are indispensable for the transcriptional response during cytokinin-induced de-etiolation, indicating that a functional light-signaling pathway is essential for this cytokinin response. In addition, the effect of cytokinin on hypocotyl elongation is strongly dependent on the light conditions, with higher light intensities causing a switch in the response to cytokinin from an inhibitor to a promoter of hypocotyl elongation.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin inhibition of hypocotyl elongation is largely independent of ethylene.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise1 - Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- inhibition of hypocotyl elongatione0
- Qualifier
- largely independent of ethylenee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we show that cytokinin-induced inhibition of hypocotyl elongation is largely independent of ethylene”
e1“dark-grown Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The cytokinin signal is mainly mediated by ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE3.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE3e0
- Outcome
- cytokinin signale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We show that this cytokinin signal is mainly mediated through the cytokinin receptor ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE3 and the ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 in combination with ARR12.”
e1“dark-grown Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The cytokinin signal is mediated by ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 together with ARR12.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 in combination with ARR12e0
- Outcome
- cytokinin signale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We show that this cytokinin signal is mainly mediated through the cytokinin receptor ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE3 and the ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 in combination with ARR12.”
e1“dark-grown Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of COP1, DE-ETIOLATED1, or CYTOKININ INSENSITIVE4/COP10 makes plants insensitive to cytokinin.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- mutatione0
- Gene
- CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPOGENIC1 (COP1), DE-ETIOLATED1, and CYTOKININ INSENSITIVE4/COP10e0
- Outcome
- insensitive to cytokinine0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mutation of CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPOGENIC1 (COP1), DE-ETIOLATED1, and CYTOKININ INSENSITIVE4/COP10 renders plants insensitive to cytokinin”
e1“dark-grown Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The light-signaling factors are indispensable for transcriptional response during cytokinin-induced de-etiolation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise2
- Gene
- CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPOGENIC1 (COP1), DE-ETIOLATED1, and CYTOKININ INSENSITIVE4/COP10e1
- Outcome
- transcriptional response during cytokinin-induced de-etiolatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these factors are indispensable for the transcriptional response during cytokinin-induced de-etiolation”
e1“mutation of CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPOGENIC1 (COP1), DE-ETIOLATED1, and CYTOKININ INSENSITIVE4/COP10”
e2“dark-grown Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher light intensities switch cytokinin from inhibiting to promoting hypocotyl elongation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- higher light intensitiese0
- Outcome
- hypocotyl elongatione0
- Direction
- switche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher light intensities causing a switch in the response to cytokinin from an inhibitor to a promoter of hypocotyl elongation.”
e1“dark-grown Arabidopsis plants”
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