Abstract
Abstract Introduction of the Roundup Ready® Xtend system (Monsanto Co., St. Louis, MO) provides an alternative weed management option for growers, but of concern is the risk of dicamba injury to sensitive crops, particularly soybean from off-target movement and tank contamination. Experiments were conducted to determine the response of soybean to low rates of dicamba over a wide range of application timings. Two glufosinate-resistant varieties (HBK 4950LL–indeterminate and HALO 5.45LL–determinate) commonly grown in Arkansas were chosen for these studies. Two rates of dicamba, 2.18 and 8.75 g ae ha –1 (1/256× and 1/64× of the POST labeled rate for dicamba-resistant soybean), were applied at two vegetative (V4, V6) and six reproductive (R1 to R6) growth stages. Compared to the nontreated control, dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growth of soybean caused leaf injury, plant height reduction, and seed yield loss for both soybean cultivars. Averaged across dicamba rates applied at R1, soybean seed yield was reduced 14% for the HBK 4950LL cultivar and 19% for the HALO 5.45LL cultivar. Averaged over rates, dicamba applied at R1 to the HALO 5.45LL and HBK 4950LL soybean resulted in 48% and 43% visible injury 4 wk after treatment, respectively. Grain yield was similar to that of the nontreated control when dicamba was applied at the later reproductive stages averaged across rates.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba in late vegetative and early reproductive growth caused leaf injury in both soybean cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growthe0
- Outcome
- leaf injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the nontreated control, dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growth of soybean caused leaf injury, plant height reduction, and seed yield loss for both soybean cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba in late vegetative and early reproductive growth reduced plant height in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growthe0
- Outcome
- plant height reductione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the nontreated control, dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growth of soybean caused leaf injury, plant height reduction, and seed yield loss for both soybean cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba in late vegetative and early reproductive growth reduced seed yield in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growthe0
- Outcome
- seed yield losse0
- Direction
- losse0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the nontreated control, dicamba applied during late vegetative and early reproductive growth of soybean caused leaf injury, plant height reduction, and seed yield loss for both soybean cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
At R1, dicamba reduced HBK 4950LL seed yield by 14% across rates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- HBK 4950LLe0
- Treatment
- dicamba rates applied at R1e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 14%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Averaged across dicamba rates applied at R1, soybean seed yield was reduced 14% for the HBK 4950LL cultivar and 19% for the HALO 5.45LL cultivar.”
Claim · model-written summary
At R1, dicamba reduced HALO 5.45LL seed yield by 19% across rates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- HALO 5.45LLe0
- Treatment
- dicamba rates applied at R1e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Averaged across dicamba rates applied at R1, soybean seed yield was reduced 14% for the HBK 4950LL cultivar and 19% for the HALO 5.45LL cultivar.”
Claim · model-written summary
R1 dicamba caused 48% visible injury in HALO 5.45LL at four weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- HALO 5.45LLe0
- Treatment
- dicamba applied at R1e0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Value
- 48%e0
- Qualifier
- 4 wk after treatmente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Averaged over rates, dicamba applied at R1 to the HALO 5.45LL and HBK 4950LL soybean resulted in 48% and 43% visible injury 4 wk after treatment, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
R1 dicamba caused 43% visible injury in HBK 4950LL at four weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- HBK 4950LLe0
- Treatment
- dicamba applied at R1e0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Value
- 43%e0
- Qualifier
- 4 wk after treatmente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Averaged over rates, dicamba applied at R1 to the HALO 5.45LL and HBK 4950LL soybean resulted in 48% and 43% visible injury 4 wk after treatment, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
At later reproductive stages, dicamba-treated soybean had grain yield similar to untreated plants across rates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- dicamba was applied at the later reproductive stagese0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was similar to that of the nontreated control when dicamba was applied at the later reproductive stages averaged across rates.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 49 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.