Abstract
The total quantity and concentration of six herbicides, isopropyl m -chlorocarbanilate (chlorpropham), 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino- s -triazine (atrazine), 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea (linuron), 2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl- N -(methoxymethyl)acetanilide (alachlor), 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (chloramben), and (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D), in unaerated, aqueous solutions absorbed by seeds of 11 soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) strains were measured. Mechanism of movement of the herbicides from the aqueous solutions to the seeds in the experimental procedure employed was diffusion. Total quantity and concentration of herbicide found in the seeds differed significantly for both herbicides and soybean strains. Total quantity of herbicide absorbed was determined by total oil and percent oil of the seeds. The capacity of the seeds to absorb a given herbicide was more closely related to percent oil of the seeds than to total oil of the seeds. The emergence and seedling shoot weight of ‘Cutler’ soybeans were not affected appreciably by concentrations of linuron, atrazine, and chloramben (potassium salt) but were reduced by high concentrations of chlorpropham and alachlor and relatively low concentrations of 2,4-D (potassium salt) in the seeds.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicides moved from solution into soybean seeds by diffusion.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- movement of the herbicides from the aqueous solutions to the seedse0
- Qualifier
- diffusione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mechanism of movement of the herbicides from the aqueous solutions to the seeds in the experimental procedure employed was diffusion.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The total quantity and concentration of herbicide in seeds differed significantly among herbicides.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Total quantity and concentration of herbicide found in the seedse0
- Direction
- differede0
- Comparator
- herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total quantity and concentration of herbicide found in the seeds differed significantly for both herbicides and soybean strains.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The total quantity and concentration of herbicide in seeds differed significantly among soybean strains.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- soybean strainse0
- Outcome
- Total quantity and concentration of herbicide found in the seedse0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total quantity and concentration of herbicide found in the seeds differed significantly for both herbicides and soybean strains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Total seed oil and percent seed oil determined total herbicide uptake.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- Total quantity of herbicide absorbede0
- Qualifier
- total oil and percent oile0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total quantity of herbicide absorbed was determined by total oil and percent oil of the seeds.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide absorption capacity was more closely related to percent seed oil than total seed oil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- capacity of the seeds to absorb a given herbicidee0
- Direction
- more closely relatede0
- Qualifier
- percent oil of the seedse0
- Comparator
- total oil of the seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The capacity of the seeds to absorb a given herbicide was more closely related to percent oil of the seeds than to total oil of the seeds.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Linuron, atrazine and chloramben concentrations did not appreciably affect emergence or shoot weight of Cutler soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- ‘Cutler’e0
- Treatment
- concentrations of linuron, atrazine, and chloramben (potassium salt)e0
- Outcome
- emergence and seedling shoot weighte0
- Direction
- not affected appreciablye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The emergence and seedling shoot weight of ‘Cutler’ soybeans were not affected appreciably by concentrations of linuron, atrazine, and chloramben (potassium salt)”
Claim · model-written summary
High seed concentrations of chlorpropham reduced emergence and seedling shoot weight of Cutler soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- ‘Cutler’e0
- Treatment
- high concentrations of chlorprophame0
- Outcome
- emergence and seedling shoot weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The emergence and seedling shoot weight of ‘Cutler’ soybeans were not affected appreciably by concentrations of linuron, atrazine, and chloramben (potassium salt) but were reduced by high concentrations of chlorpropham and alachlor and relatively low concentrations of 2,4-D (potassium salt) in the seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
High seed concentrations of alachlor reduced emergence and seedling shoot weight of Cutler soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- ‘Cutler’e0
- Treatment
- alachlore0
- Outcome
- emergence and seedling shoot weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- high concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The emergence and seedling shoot weight of ‘Cutler’ soybeans were not affected appreciably by concentrations of linuron, atrazine, and chloramben (potassium salt) but were reduced by high concentrations of chlorpropham and alachlor and relatively low concentrations of 2,4-D (potassium salt) in the seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relatively low seed concentrations of 2,4-D reduced emergence and seedling shoot weight of Cutler soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- ‘Cutler’e0
- Treatment
- relatively low concentrations of 2,4-D (potassium salt)e0
- Outcome
- emergence and seedling shoot weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The emergence and seedling shoot weight of ‘Cutler’ soybeans were not affected appreciably by concentrations of linuron, atrazine, and chloramben (potassium salt) but were reduced by high concentrations of chlorpropham and alachlor and relatively low concentrations of 2,4-D (potassium salt) in the seeds.”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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- positive
- positive
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See all 35 papers →potassium salt · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Chloramben · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
alachlor · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →atrazine · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →chlorpropham · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
linuron · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.