Abstract
Effect of formulated slow release NPK fertilizer [cellulose-graft-poly(acrylamide)/nanohydroxyapatite/soluble fertilizer] composite (SRF) on the performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. No significant difference in growth parameters was observed between SRF and commercial fertilizer (CF) treatments. SRF recorded higher dry matter and yields relative to CF with similar application rates, though statistically insignificant. P deficiency was observed in maize at lowest SRF application rate of 45-57-17. N deficiency in CF was observed at the 8th week, but not in SRF with similar application rates during the same period. Kale showed both N and P deficiencies in the 7th week, while capsicum alone showed N deficiency in the 14th week in SRF at low application rates. NPK content in both maize and kale tissues, was significant between the amendments and control. Capsicum tissues had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher N content both in SRF and CF higher application rates of 125-159-45 & 100-100-100, respectively, compared to control. At final harvest, soil samples planted with maize and amended with the highest SRF rate showed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher P content, compared to lower rates and the control. The agronomic optimal rate of SRF determined by quadratic function were found to be higher than that of CF. SRF was found to enhance growth and yields of crops just like CF and could potentially have greater benefits such as improving soil health and resilience. Keywords: Nano-composite NPK, Slow release fertilizer, Growth and yield, Maize, Kale, Capsicum
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
No significant difference in growth parameters was observed between the slow release fertilizer and commercial fertilizer in maize, kale and capsicum.
- Taxon
- maize, kale and capsicum
Brassica oleracea var. viridis
Capsicum
Zea mayst0 - Treatment
- formulated slow release NPK fertilizere0
- Outcome
- growth parameterse0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Comparator
- commercial fertilizer (CF)e0
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum”
e0“Effect of formulated slow release NPK fertilizer [cellulose-graft-poly(acrylamide)/nanohydroxyapatite/soluble fertilizer] composite (SRF) on the performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. No significant difference in growth parameters was observed between SRF and commercial fertilizer (CF) treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The slow release fertilizer recorded higher dry matter and yields than commercial fertilizer, though statistically insignificant.
- Taxon
- maize, kale and capsicumBrassica oleracea var. viridisCapsicumZea mayst0
- Treatment
- formulated slow release NPK fertilizere0
- Outcome
- dry matter and yieldse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- statistically insignificante1
- Comparator
- CFe1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum”
e0“Effect of formulated slow release NPK fertilizer [cellulose-graft-poly(acrylamide)/nanohydroxyapatite/soluble fertilizer] composite (SRF) on the performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. No significant difference in growth parameters was observed between SRF and commercial fertilizer (CF) treatments”
e1“SRF recorded higher dry matter and yields relative to CF with similar application rates, though statistically insignificant”
Claim · model-written summary
P deficiency was observed in maize at the lowest slow release fertilizer application rate of 45-57-17.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“P deficiency was observed in maize at lowest SRF application rate of 45-57-17”
Claim · model-written summary
N deficiency was observed in commercial fertilizer treated plants at the 8th week.
- Taxon
- maize, kale and capsicumBrassica oleracea var. viridisCapsicumZea mayst0
- Treatment
- CFe3
- Outcome
- N deficiencye3
- Qualifier
- at the 8th weeke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum”
e3“N deficiency in CF was observed at the 8th week, but not in SRF with similar application rates during the same period”
Claim · model-written summary
No N deficiency was observed in slow release fertilizer treated plants at similar application rates at the 8th week.
- Taxon
- maize, kale and capsicumBrassica oleracea var. viridisCapsicumZea mayst0
- Treatment
- SRFe3
- Outcome
- N deficiencye3
- Qualifier
- similar application ratese3
- Comparator
- CFe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum”
e3“N deficiency in CF was observed at the 8th week, but not in SRF with similar application rates during the same period”
Claim · model-written summary
Kale showed both N and P deficiencies in the 7th week.
- Taxon
- KaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise4
- Outcome
- N and P deficienciese4
- Qualifier
- in the 7th weeke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Kale showed both N and P deficiencies in the 7th week, while capsicum alone showed N deficiency in the 14th week in SRF at low application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Capsicum alone showed N deficiency in the 14th week under slow release fertilizer at low application rates.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Kale showed both N and P deficiencies in the 7th week, while capsicum alone showed N deficiency in the 14th week in SRF at low application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK content in maize tissues differed significantly between the amendments and the control.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“NPK content in both maize and kale tissues, was significant between the amendments and control. Capsicum tissues had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher N content both in SRF and CF higher application rates of 125-159-45 & 100-100-100, respectively, compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK content in kale tissues differed significantly between the amendments and the control.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise5
- Organ / stage
- tissuese5
- Treatment
- amendmentse5
- Outcome
- NPK contente5
- Comparator
- controle5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“NPK content in both maize and kale tissues, was significant between the amendments and control. Capsicum tissues had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher N content both in SRF and CF higher application rates of 125-159-45 & 100-100-100, respectively, compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Capsicum tissues had significantly higher N content under slow release fertilizer at higher application rates of 125-159-45 than under the control.
- Organ / stage
- tissuese5
- Treatment
- SRFe5
- Outcome
- N contente5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- higher application rates of 125-159-45e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“NPK content in both maize and kale tissues, was significant between the amendments and control. Capsicum tissues had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher N content both in SRF and CF higher application rates of 125-159-45 & 100-100-100, respectively, compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Capsicum tissues had significantly higher N content under commercial fertilizer at higher application rates of 100-100-100 than under the control.
- Organ / stage
- tissuese5
- Treatment
- CFe5
- Outcome
- N contente5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- 100-100-100e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“NPK content in both maize and kale tissues, was significant between the amendments and control. Capsicum tissues had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher N content both in SRF and CF higher application rates of 125-159-45 & 100-100-100, respectively, compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
At final harvest, soil planted with maize and amended with the highest slow release fertilizer rate had significantly higher P content than lower rates and the control.
- Organ / stage
- soil samplese6
- Treatment
- the highest SRF ratee6
- Outcome
- P contente6
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- p ≤ 0.05e6
- Comparator
- lower rates and the controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“At final harvest, soil samples planted with maize and amended with the highest SRF rate showed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher P content, compared to lower rates and the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The agronomic optimal rate of the slow release fertilizer, determined by a quadratic function, was higher than that of commercial fertilizer.
- Taxon
- maize, kale and capsicumBrassica oleracea var. viridisCapsicumZea mayst0
- Treatment
- SRFe7
- Outcome
- agronomic optimal ratee7
- Direction
- highere7
- Qualifier
- determined by quadratic functione7
- Comparator
- CFe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum”
e7“The agronomic optimal rate of SRF determined by quadratic function were found to be higher than that of CF. SRF was found to enhance growth and yields of crops just like CF”
Claim · model-written summary
The slow release fertilizer enhanced growth and yields of crops just like commercial fertilizer.
- Taxon
- maize, kale and capsicumBrassica oleracea var. viridisCapsicumZea mayst0
- Treatment
- SRFe7
- Outcome
- growth and yields of cropse7
- Direction
- enhancee7
- Qualifier
- just like CFe7
- Comparator
- CFe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“performance and yield of maize, kale and capsicum”
e7“The agronomic optimal rate of SRF determined by quadratic function were found to be higher than that of CF. SRF was found to enhance growth and yields of crops just like CF”
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