Abstract
Cross-talk between exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and endogenous phytohormone pathways affects the antioxidant defense system and its response to salt stress. The study presented here investigated the effects of SA treatment before and during salt stress on the levels of endogenous plant growth regulators in three barley cultivars with different salinity tolerances: Hordeum vulgare L. cvs. Akhisar (sensitive), Erginel (moderate), and Kalaycı (tolerant). The cultivars' relative leaf water contents, growth parameters, proline contents, chlorophyll a/b ratios, and lipid peroxidation levels were measured, along with the activities of enzymes involved in detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide-dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate-peroxidase, and glutathione-reductase. In addition, levels of several endogenous phytohormones (indole-3-acetic-acid, cytokinins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene) were measured. Barley is known to be more salt tolerant than related plant species. Accordingly, none of the studied cultivars exhibited changes in membrane lipid peroxidation under salt stress. However, they responded differently to salt-stress with respect to their accumulation of phytohormones and antioxidant enzyme activity. The strongest and weakest increases in ABA and proline accumulation were observed in Kalaycı and Akhisar, respectively, suggesting that salt-stress was more effectively managed in Kalaycı. The effects of exogenous SA treatment depended on both the timing of the treatment and the cultivar to which it was applied. In general, however, where SA helped mitigate salt stress, it appeared to do so by increasing ROS scavenging capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity. SA treatment also induced changes in phytohormone levels, presumably as a consequence of SA-phytohormone salt-stress cross-talk.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress did not change membrane lipid peroxidation in the studied cultivars.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- membrane lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- none of the studied cultivars exhibited changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“none of the studied cultivars exhibited changes in membrane lipid peroxidation under salt stress”
e1“barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed in phytohormone accumulation under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- accumulation of phytohormonese0
- Direction
- differentlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they responded differently to salt-stress with respect to their accumulation of phytohormones”
e1“barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed in antioxidant enzyme activity under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- differentlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they responded differently to salt-stress with respect to their accumulation of phytohormones and antioxidant enzyme activity”
e1“barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Kalaycı had the strongest ABA accumulation increase under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Material
- Kalaycıe0
- Treatment
- salt-stresse2
- Outcome
- ABAe0
- Direction
- strongeste0
- Comparator
- Akhisare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strongest and weakest increases in ABA and proline accumulation were observed in Kalaycı and Akhisar, respectively”
e1“barley cultivars”
e2“they responded differently to salt-stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Kalaycı had the strongest proline accumulation increase under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Material
- Kalaycıe0
- Treatment
- salt-stresse2
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Direction
- strongeste0
- Comparator
- Akhisare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strongest and weakest increases in ABA and proline accumulation were observed in Kalaycı and Akhisar, respectively”
e1“barley cultivars”
e2“they responded differently to salt-stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Akhisar had the weakest ABA accumulation increase under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Material
- Akhisare0
- Treatment
- salt-stresse2
- Outcome
- ABAe0
- Direction
- weakeste0
- Comparator
- Kalaycıe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strongest and weakest increases in ABA and proline accumulation were observed in Kalaycı and Akhisar, respectively”
e1“barley cultivars”
e2“they responded differently to salt-stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Akhisar had the weakest proline accumulation increase under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Material
- Akhisare0
- Treatment
- salt-stresse2
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Direction
- weakeste0
- Comparator
- Kalaycıe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strongest and weakest increases in ABA and proline accumulation were observed in Kalaycı and Akhisar, respectively”
e1“barley cultivars”
e2“they responded differently to salt-stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid effects depended on treatment timing and cultivar.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- exogenous SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- effects of exogenous SA treatmente0
- Qualifier
- timing of the treatment and the cultivare0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of exogenous SA treatment depended on both the timing of the treatment and the cultivar to which it was applied.”
e1“barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
When SA mitigated salt stress, it appeared to increase ROS scavenging capacity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- ROS scavenging capacitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“where SA helped mitigate salt stress, it appeared to do so by increasing ROS scavenging capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity”
e1“barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
When SA mitigated salt stress, it appeared to increase antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“where SA helped mitigate salt stress, it appeared to do so by increasing ROS scavenging capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity”
e1“barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
SA treatment changed phytohormone levels.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- phytohormone levelse0
- Direction
- changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment also induced changes in phytohormone levels”
e1“barley cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · physiology: oxidative · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.