Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)” was conducted during 2016-17 at the Experimental Research Farm Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replication. The treatments consisted of T0: Control, T1: RDF, T2: Biofertilizers, T3: Vermicompost, T4: 100% RDF + Biofertilizers, T5: 75% RDF + Biofertilizers, T6: 100% RDF + Vermicompost, T7: 75% RDF + Vermicompost, T8: 100% RDF + Vermicompost + Biofertilizers and T9: 75% RDF + Vermicompost + Biofertilizers. Application of different levels of fertilizers in combination with organic manures and biofertilizers significantly increased the growth, yield and quality of broccoli. Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm), days to curd initiation (84), curd diameter (32.91 cm), average curd weight (427.73 g), curd yield per hectare (35.97 t) and dry matter content (9.88 %) were recorded with the combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost. Whereas, maximum ascorbic acid (84.17 mg 100 g-1) and TSS (14.77 °Brix) were recorded in T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost) and net returns of Rs. 2,29,029.00 along with benefit: cost ratio (3.26:1) were recorded with the conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost. These results suggested that the optimum production of broccoli can be obtained with integrated application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizer, organic manure and biofertilizer application significantly increased growth, yield and quality of broccoli.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- Application of different levels of fertilizers in combination with organic manures and biofertilizerse1
- Outcome
- growth, yield and qualitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Application of different levels of fertilizers in combination with organic manures and biofertilizers significantly increased the growth, yield and quality of broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum plant height of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 73.25 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum plant spread of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- plant spreade1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 66.12 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum leaf length of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- leaf lengthe1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 61.80 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum leaf width of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- leaf widthe1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 22.53 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum number of leaves of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- number of leavese1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 15.77e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum stalk length of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- stalk lengthe1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 22.51 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum days to curd initiation of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- days to curd initiatione1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 84e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm), days to curd initiation (84)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum curd diameter of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- curd diametere1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 32.91 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm), days to curd initiation (84), curd diameter (32.91 cm)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum average curd weight of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- average curd weighte1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 427.73 ge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm), days to curd initiation (84), curd diameter (32.91 cm), average curd weight (427.73 g)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum curd yield per hectare of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- curd yield per hectaree1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 35.97 te1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm), days to curd initiation (84), curd diameter (32.91 cm), average curd weight (427.73 g), curd yield per hectare (35.97 t)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum dry matter content of broccoli was recorded with 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte2
- Outcome
- dry matter contente1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 9.88 %e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“Maximum plant height (73.25 cm), plant spread (66.12 cm), leaf length (61.80 cm), leaf width (22.53 cm), number of leaves (15.77), stalk length (22.51 cm), days to curd initiation (84), curd diameter (32.91 cm), average curd weight (427.73 g), curd yield per hectare (35.97 t) and dry matter content (9.88 %)”
e2“combined application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum ascorbic acid of broccoli (84.17 mg 100 g-1) was recorded in T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost).
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost)e2
- Outcome
- ascorbic acide1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 84.17 mg 100 g-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e1“maximum ascorbic acid (84.17 mg 100 g-1)”
e2“recorded in T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum TSS of broccoli (14.77 °Brix) was recorded in T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost).
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost)e2
- Outcome
- TSSe3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 14.77 °Brixe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e3“maximum ascorbic acid (84.17 mg 100 g-1) and TSS (14.77 °Brix)”
e2“recorded in T9 (75% RDF + Biofertilizers + Vermicompost)”
Claim · model-written summary
Net returns of broccoli were Rs. 2,29,029.00 under the conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF, biofertilizers and vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte4
- Outcome
- net returnse4
- Value
- Rs. 2,29,029.00e4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e4“net returns of Rs. 2,29,029.00 along with benefit: cost ratio (3.26:1) were recorded with the conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Benefit:cost ratio of broccoli was 3.26:1 under the conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF, biofertilizers and vermicompost.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte4
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe4
- Value
- 3.26:1e4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e4“net returns of Rs. 2,29,029.00 along with benefit: cost ratio (3.26:1) were recorded with the conjoint application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated application of 100 per cent RDF, biofertilizers and vermicompost is suggested for the optimum production of broccoli.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- integrated application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicomposte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)”
e5“optimum production of broccoli can be obtained with integrated application of 100 per cent RDF + biofertilizers + vermicompost”
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See all 58 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.