Abstract
The increasing presence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds in the Midsouth, and inconsistent crop injury and moisture dependence of residual herbicides has created a need for effective post-emergence options. Cotton cultivars with tolerance to glufosinate have been widely adopted by growers throughout the Midsouth because glufosinate provides an effective option for controlling GR weeds like Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.]. The objective of this study was to determine if differences exist in tolerance of PhytoGen® and Liberty Link® cultivars to glufosinate applied at different growth stages in the presence and absence of low-light conditions. At two weeks after cotton emergence (WAE), tolerance to glufosinate differed by cultivar, although some injury was observed on Liberty Link cotton. Injury was often greatest when applied at the one-leaf stage to PhytoGen® cultivars, but by four to five weeks after treatment, all cultivars showed similar potential to recover. In general, cotton plants that were shaded three days prior to applying glufosinate were injured to a greater extent than non-shaded plants. Similarly, seed cotton yields were reduced in shaded plots by 72 and 76 g m-1 of row in 2012 and 2013, respectively. This research indicates that there is greater risk for early-season injury from glufosinate if applied to young cotton experiencing prolonged cloudy conditions prior to application; albeit, this injury does not translate into seed cotton yield loss for the three cultivars evaluated, compared to an untreated control. Hence, it is recommended that growers make timely applications of glufosinate to optimize weed control, even when conditions have been less than ideal for cotton growth prior to application.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton tolerance to glufosinate differed by cultivar at two weeks after emergence.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- tolerance to glufosinatee0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At two weeks after cotton emergence (WAE), tolerance to glufosinate differed by cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Some Liberty Link cotton injury was observed.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- Liberty Linke0
- Outcome
- injurye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some injury was observed on Liberty Link cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate injury was often greatest when applied at the one-leaf stage to PhytoGen® cultivars.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- PhytoGen® cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- one-leaf stagee0
- Treatment
- glufosinatee1
- Outcome
- Injurye0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injury was often greatest when applied at the one-leaf stage to PhytoGen® cultivars”
e1“At two weeks after cotton emergence (WAE), tolerance to glufosinate differed by cultivar”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
All cultivars showed similar recovery potential four to five weeks after treatment.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- similar potential to recovere0
- Qualifier
- four to five weeks after treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by four to five weeks after treatment, all cultivars showed similar potential to recover”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade before glufosinate application increased cotton injury relative to no shade.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- shaded three days prior to applying glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- injurede0
- Direction
- greater extente0
- Comparator
- non-shaded plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton plants that were shaded three days prior to applying glufosinate were injured to a greater extent than non-shaded plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced seed cotton yield by 72 g m-1 of row in 2012.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- shaded plotse0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 72e0
- Qualifier
- 2012e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed cotton yields were reduced in shaded plots by 72 and 76 g m-1 of row in 2012 and 2013, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced seed cotton yield by 76 g m-1 of row in 2013.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- shaded plotse0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 76 g m-1 of rowe0
- Qualifier
- 2013e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed cotton yields were reduced in shaded plots by 72 and 76 g m-1 of row in 2012 and 2013, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Early glufosinate injury did not lead to seed cotton yield loss versus untreated control for three cultivars.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- glufosinatee1
- Outcome
- seed cotton yield losse0
- Direction
- does not translate intoe0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this injury does not translate into seed cotton yield loss for the three cultivars evaluated, compared to an untreated control”
e1“At two weeks after cotton emergence (WAE), tolerance to glufosinate differed by cultivar”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Growers are advised to apply glufosinate promptly to optimize weed control even after suboptimal growth conditions.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- make timely applications of glufosinate to optimize weed controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is recommended that growers make timely applications of glufosinate to optimize weed control, even when conditions have been less than ideal for cotton growth prior to application”
The same questions in other papers
glufosinate · crop injury · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →glufosinate · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →shade · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →shade · crop injury · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.