Abstract
The vigorous growth of the new shoots of the peach tree was not beneficial to high quality and efficient cultivation. High concentration of amino acids can inhibit plant growth, but the mechanism is not clear. In this study, we explored the regulatory effects of seven amino acids (phenylalanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, D-alanine, proline) (10 g·L−1) on the growth of peach trees. The results showed that phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth and valine has the most significant effect and it can promote the root growth of peach seedlings. Compared with paclobutrazol, valine treatment improves net photosynthetic rate and fruit quality without reducing shoot diameter or puncture strength, and it does not affect leaf morphology. Valine enhanced the expression of PpSnRK1 (sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase) and inhibited the expression of PpTOR (Target of Rapamycin) and PpS6K (Ribosomal S6 kinase). The gibberellin content was significantly reduced in the valine treatment group. The endogenous valine content of peach seedlings was increased, acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, E.C. 2.2.1.6) activity was inhibited by feedback, isoleucine synthesis was decreased, the relative amounts of branched chain amino acids were unbalanced, and growth was inhibited. However, isoleucine spraying after valine treatment could increase the content of isoleucine and alleviate the inhibition of valine on the shoot growth. In conclusion, valine is environmentally friendly to inhibit the growth of new shoots of peach trees by regulating the balance of PpSnRK1 and PpTOR and the synthesis of isoleucine.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylalanine inhibited peach seedling growth.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicae0 - Treatment
- phenylalaninee0
- Outcome
- peach seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine inhibited peach seedling growth most strongly.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Treatment
- valinee0
- Outcome
- peach seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- most significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth and valine has the most significant effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline inhibited peach seedling growth.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Treatment
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- peach seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine promoted peach seedling root growth.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Treatment
- valinee0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“valine has the most significant effect and it can promote the root growth of peach seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine improved peach net photosynthetic rate relative to paclobutrazol.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valine treatmente0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- improvese0
- Comparator
- paclobutrazole0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with paclobutrazol, valine treatment improves net photosynthetic rate and fruit quality”
t0“Peach Tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine improved peach fruit quality relative to paclobutrazol.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valine treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit qualitye0
- Direction
- improvese0
- Comparator
- paclobutrazole0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with paclobutrazol, valine treatment improves net photosynthetic rate and fruit quality”
t0“Peach Tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine did not reduce peach shoot diameter or puncture strength relative to paclobutrazol.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valine treatmente0
- Outcome
- shoot diameter or puncture strengthe0
- Direction
- without reducinge0
- Comparator
- paclobutrazole1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“valine treatment improves net photosynthetic rate and fruit quality without reducing shoot diameter or puncture strength”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“Compared with paclobutrazol, valine treatment improves net photosynthetic rate and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine did not affect peach leaf morphology.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valine treatmente1
- Outcome
- leaf morphologye0
- Direction
- does not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it does not affect leaf morphology”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“Compared with paclobutrazol, valine treatment improves net photosynthetic rate and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine enhanced PpSnRK1 expression.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Valinee0
- Gene
- PpSnRK1e0
- Outcome
- expression of PpSnRK1e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Valine enhanced the expression of PpSnRK1”
t0“Peach Tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine inhibited PpTOR expression.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Valinee1
- Gene
- PpTORe0
- Outcome
- expression of PpTORe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibited the expression of PpTOR”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“Valine enhanced the expression of PpSnRK1”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine inhibited PpS6K expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibited the expression of PpTOR (Target of Rapamycin) and PpS6K”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“Valine enhanced the expression of PpSnRK1”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine significantly reduced gibberellin content.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valine treatmente0
- Outcome
- gibberellin contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gibberellin content was significantly reduced in the valine treatment group”
t0“Peach Tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine increased endogenous valine content in peach seedlings.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Treatment
- valinee0
- Outcome
- endogenous valine contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The endogenous valine content of peach seedlings was increased”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine inhibited acetohydroxyacid synthase activity by feedback.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valinee1
- Gene
- acetohydroxyacid synthasee0
- Outcome
- acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, E.C. 2.2.1.6) activitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, E.C. 2.2.1.6) activity was inhibited by feedback”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine decreased isoleucine synthesis.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valinee1
- Outcome
- isoleucine synthesise0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isoleucine synthesis was decreased”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Valine unbalanced relative branched-chain amino acid amounts.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- valinee1
- Outcome
- relative amounts of branched chain amino acidse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the relative amounts of branched chain amino acids were unbalanced”
t0“Peach Tree”
e1“phenylalanine, valine, and proline inhibited peach seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoleucine spraying after valine increased isoleucine content.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- isoleucine spraying after valine treatmente0
- Outcome
- content of isoleucinee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isoleucine spraying after valine treatment could increase the content of isoleucine”
t0“Peach Tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoleucine spraying alleviated valine inhibition of shoot growth.
- Taxon
- Peach TreePrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- isoleucine spraying after valine treatmente0
- Outcome
- inhibition of valine on the shoot growthe0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isoleucine spraying after valine treatment could increase the content of isoleucine and alleviate the inhibition of valine on the shoot growth”
t0“Peach Tree”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed valine shoot-growth inhibition to PpSnRK1, PpTOR and isoleucine synthesis regulation.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicae0
- Treatment
- valinee0
- Gene
- PpSnRK1 and PpTORe0
- Outcome
- growth of new shootse0
- Qualifier
- synthesis of isoleucinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“valine is environmentally friendly to inhibit the growth of new shoots of peach trees by regulating the balance of PpSnRK1 and PpTOR and the synthesis of isoleucine”
The same questions in other papers
valine · molecular: expression · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · molecular: metabolites · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →application · disease · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.