Abstract
One of the major problems in the paddy fields in northern Iran is the low solubility and availability of phosphorus. To solve this problem, the plant growth-promoting microorganisms and the application of silicon fertilizer can be appropriate way and assessed for rice crop as split plots based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in Amol region during 2017 and 2018. The spray of nano-silicon, the soil application of potassium silicate and calcium silicate and control condition were used as main plots. Phosphorus treatment including control, 100 kg triple superphosphate ha−1, 50 kg triple superphosphate ha−1 + Herbaspirillum seropodicae bacteria inoculation and 50 kg triple superphosphate ha−1 + mycorrhiza fungi (Gholusmosseae) inoculation were used as subplots. The results demonstrated that with the application of silicon resources, grain filling period and internodes lodging index (I3LI and L4LI) were statistically decreased compared to the control, but paddy yields (PY) were significantly enhanced. The maximum amounts of I3LI (49.44%) and I4LI (52.36%) were calculated with the application of phosphorus + bacteria. The maximum PY (4542 kg ha−1) was produced with the spray of nano-Si and the application of chemical phosphorus (4670 kg ha−1). The spray of nano-silicon and the combined application of phosphorus + bacterial lead to higher uptake of nutrient (Si, N, P and K). It can be concluded that the spray of nano-silicon and the application of chemical fertilizer + bacterial can increase the yields and control the blast disease in the rice fields.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application decreased the grain filling period in rice in Amol region field trials, compared with the control.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- application of silicon resourcese3
- Outcome
- grain filling periode3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Comparator
- controle3
- Setting
- Amol regione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e2“in Amol region during 2017 and 2018”
e3“with the application of silicon resources, grain filling period and internodes lodging index (I3LI and L4LI) were statistically decreased compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application decreased the internodes lodging index in rice compared with the control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of silicon resourcese3
- Outcome
- internodes lodging indexe3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Comparator
- controle3
- Setting
- Amol regione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e2“in Amol region during 2017 and 2018”
e3“with the application of silicon resources, grain filling period and internodes lodging index (I3LI and L4LI) were statistically decreased compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application significantly enhanced paddy yields of rice compared with the control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of silicon resourcese3
- Outcome
- paddy yields (PY)e4
- Direction
- significantly enhancede4
- Comparator
- controle3
- Setting
- Amol regione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e2“in Amol region during 2017 and 2018”
e3“with the application of silicon resources, grain filling period and internodes lodging index (I3LI and L4LI) were statistically decreased compared to the control”
e4“but paddy yields (PY) were significantly enhanced”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum I3LI lodging index in rice (49.44%) was obtained with phosphorus plus bacteria.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of phosphorus + bacteriae5
- Outcome
- I3LIe5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 49.44%e5
- Setting
- Amol regione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e2“in Amol region during 2017 and 2018”
e5“The maximum amounts of I3LI (49.44%) and I4LI (52.36%) were calculated with the application of phosphorus + bacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum I4LI lodging index in rice (52.36%) was obtained with phosphorus plus bacteria.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of phosphorus + bacteriae5
- Outcome
- I4LIe5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 52.36%e5
- Setting
- Amol regione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e2“in Amol region during 2017 and 2018”
e5“The maximum amounts of I3LI (49.44%) and I4LI (52.36%) were calculated with the application of phosphorus + bacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum rice paddy yield (4542 kg ha−1) was obtained with nano-silicon spray and chemical phosphorus; the abstract also gives 4670 kg ha−1 for this condition.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- spray of nano-Si and the application of chemical phosphoruse6
- Outcome
- PYe6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 4542 kg ha−1e6
- Qualifier
- 4670 kg ha−1e6
- Setting
- Amol regione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e2“in Amol region during 2017 and 2018”
e6“The maximum PY (4542 kg ha−1) was produced with the spray of nano-Si and the application of chemical phosphorus (4670 kg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-silicon spray combined with phosphorus plus bacteria led to higher uptake of nutrients in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- spray of nano-silicon and the combined application of phosphorus + bacteriale7
- Outcome
- uptake of nutriente7
- Direction
- highere7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e7“The spray of nano-silicon and the combined application of phosphorus + bacterial lead to higher uptake of nutrient (Si, N, P and K)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that nano-silicon spray with chemical fertilizer plus bacteria can increase rice yields.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- spray of nano-silicon and the application of chemical fertilizer + bacteriale0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e0“the spray of nano-silicon and the application of chemical fertilizer + bacterial can increase the yields and control the blast disease in the rice fields”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that nano-silicon spray with chemical fertilizer plus bacteria can control rice blast disease.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- spray of nano-silicon and the application of chemical fertilizer + bacteriale0
- Outcome
- control the blast diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“assessed for rice crop as split plots”
e0“the spray of nano-silicon and the application of chemical fertilizer + bacterial can increase the yields and control the blast disease in the rice fields”
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