Abstract
One of the most agricultural strategiesis improving irrigation and fertilization. Two field experiment were conducted for study the effect of deficit irrigation strategy and integrated N-fertilization on the water application efficiencies, soil organic matter content, soil electrical conductivity, yield and quality of wheat were investigated under arid and sandy soils in Egypt and field experiments were conducted during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at the Research Farm of National Research Center (NRC). Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter content were increased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and decreased by increasing the volume of applied water but the average of electrical conductivity of soil were decreased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and increasing the volume of applied water. The values of the grain yield “GYwheat” and protein content “PCwheat“and carbohydrates content “CCwheat” were increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and they decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition. Although most of the characteristics, especially crop yield, decrease with the decrease in the amount of added irrigation water, in this study there were no significant differences when irrigation with 100% or 80% of full irrigation( FI), so a decrease of 80% of FI may not have resulted in any effect on the moisture stress, on the contrary, most of the studied characteristics were slightly higher when irrigation by 80% FI than full irrigation. In spite of the highest values of the water productivity of the wheat crop, it was at irrigation with 60% of the total irrigation, but there were high significant differences in the values of the higher productivity when irrigation with 80% of FI with adding 50% organic N-fertilizers with 50% mineral N-fertilizers. Finally, the results of the study concluded that, the necessity of relying on organic nitrogen fertilization in addition to mineral nitrogen fertilization at 50% organic to 50% mineral in addition to the possibility of irrigation at 80% of full irrigation, i.e. saving 20% of irrigation water without any significant impact on the productivity and quality characteristics of wheat under arid and sandy soils conditions in Egypt.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Water application efficiency and soil organic matter content increased as the amount of organic fertilizer applied increased.
- Taxon
- WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- organic fertilizers appliede0
- Outcome
- Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter content were increased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and decreased by increasing the volume of applied water”
Claim · model-written summary
Water application efficiency and soil organic matter content decreased as the volume of applied water increased.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- volume of applied watere0
- Outcome
- Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter content were increased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and decreased by increasing the volume of applied water”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil electrical conductivity decreased as the amount of organic fertilizer applied increased.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizers appliede0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivity of soile0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the average of electrical conductivity of soil were decreased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and increasing the volume of applied water”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil electrical conductivity decreased as the volume of applied water increased.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- volume of applied watere0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivity of soile0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the average of electrical conductivity of soil were decreased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and increasing the volume of applied water”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat grain yield increased with organic N fertilizer up to 50% and decreased with continued increase.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- organic N-fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- up to 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“grain yield”
e1“increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and they decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat protein content increased with organic N fertilizer up to 50% and decreased with continued increase.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- organic N-fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- up to 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“protein content”
e1“increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and they decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat carbohydrates content increased with organic N fertilizer up to 50% and decreased with continued increase.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- organic N-fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- carbohydrates contente0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- up to 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“carbohydrates content”
e1“increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and they decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigating wheat at 80% of full irrigation saved 20% of irrigation water without any significant impact on productivity and quality characteristics under arid sandy soils in Egypt.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 80% of full irrigatione0
- Outcome
- productivity and quality characteristicse0
- Direction
- without any significant impacte0
- Comparator
- full irrigatione0
- Setting
- Egypte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the possibility of irrigation at 80% of full irrigation, i.e. saving 20% of irrigation water without any significant impact on the productivity and quality characteristics of wheat under arid and sandy soils conditions in Egypt”
Claim · model-written summary
Most studied characteristics were slightly higher with 80% of full irrigation than with full irrigation.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation by 80% FIe0
- Outcome
- most of the studied characteristicse0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
- Comparator
- full irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“most of the studied characteristics were slightly higher when irrigation by 80% FI than full irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Water productivity of the wheat crop was highest with irrigation at 60% of the total irrigation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- irrigation with 60% of the total irrigatione0
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- highest valuese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“In spite of the highest values of the water productivity of the wheat crop, it was at irrigation with 60% of the total irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Productivity was significantly higher with 80% of full irrigation plus 50% organic and 50% mineral N fertilizer.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation with 80% of FI with adding 50% organic N-fertilizers with 50% mineral N-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- higher productivitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“there were high significant differences in the values of the higher productivity when irrigation with 80% of FI with adding 50% organic N-fertilizers with 50% mineral N-fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 50% organic plus 50% mineral nitrogen fertilization should be relied on for wheat.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- organic nitrogen fertilization in addition to mineral nitrogen fertilization at 50% organic to 50% minerale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the necessity of relying on organic nitrogen fertilization in addition to mineral nitrogen fertilization at 50% organic to 50% mineral”
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