Abstract
The effects of Allium sativum and Allium cepa extracts on the Fall Armyworm and growth of Babycorn (Variety SG 18) under greenhouse conditions were evaluated. Treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The factors included solvents used: Dichroloromethane (DCM), Methanol (Me), Distilled water (Di) and type of plant used: Allium sativum and Allium cepa. The positive and negative controls were Coragen SC 200 (Co) and distilled water (Di), respectively. Data collection and analysis was done using appropriate procedures. The extraction yield was highest with Methanol for A cepa and distilled water for A sativum, while DCM yielded the least for both plants. Saponins, glycosides, alkaloid and tannins were present in all the plant species, but their presence was influenced by the solvent type. Flavoniods were only present in DCM-A sativum extract whose content was 5.2378 ± 0.1094 mg/mL. DCM and Methanolic extracts of A cepa and A sativum were as effective as Coragen SC 200 against FAW larvae as opposed to distilled water extract. No significant differences were noted for plant height and leaf numbers. Further evaluation should be done towards making commercially available and effective insecticide for integrated FAW management.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol gave the highest extraction yield from onion.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- Methanole0
- Outcome
- extraction yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extraction yield was highest with Methanol for A cepa”
t0“ONION (Allium cepa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Distilled water gave the highest extraction yield from garlic.
- Taxon
- Allium sativum
Allium sativumt0 - Treatment
- distilled watere0
- Outcome
- extraction yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“distilled water for A sativum”
e1“The extraction yield was highest with Methanol for A cepa and distilled water for A sativum”
t0“GARLIC (Allium sativum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dichloromethane gave the lowest extraction yield for onion and garlic.
- Taxon
- Allium sativumAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- DCMe0
- Outcome
- extraction yielde1
- Direction
- leaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DCM yielded the least for both plants”
e1“The extraction yield was highest with Methanol for A cepa and distilled water for A sativum”
t0“GARLIC (Allium sativum) AND ONION (Allium cepa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Saponins, glycosides, alkaloids and tannins were present in both extract source plants, depending on solvent.
- Taxon
- Allium sativumAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- Saponins, glycosides, alkaloid and tannins were presente0
- Qualifier
- solvent typee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Saponins, glycosides, alkaloid and tannins were present in all the plant species, but their presence was influenced by the solvent type”
t0“GARLIC (Allium sativum) AND ONION (Allium cepa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavoniods occurred only in DCM garlic extract at 5.2378 ± 0.1094 mg/mL.
- Taxon
- Allium sativumAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- DCMe0
- Outcome
- Flavoniodse0
- Value
- 5.2378 ± 0.1094 mg/mLe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flavoniods were only present in DCM-A sativum extract whose content was 5.2378 ± 0.1094 mg/mL”
t0“GARLIC (Allium sativum)”
Claim · model-written summary
DCM onion extract was as effective as Coragen against fall armyworm larvae.
- Treatment
- DCM and Methanolic extracts of A cepa and A sativume0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperda
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdat1pest - Outcome
- FAW larvaee0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- Coragen SC 200e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“DCM and Methanolic extracts of A cepa and A sativum were as effective as Coragen SC 200 against FAW larvae as opposed to distilled water extract”
t0“BABY CORN (Zea mays L)”
t1“FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and leaf number showed no significant differences among treatments.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant differences were noted for plant height and leaf numbers”
e1“The effects of Allium sativum and Allium cepa extracts on the Fall Armyworm and growth of Babycorn”
t0“BABY CORN (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend further development evaluation for a commercial integrated fall armyworm insecticide.
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- Further evaluation should be done towards making commercially available and effective insecticide for integrated FAW managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further evaluation should be done towards making commercially available and effective insecticide for integrated FAW management”
t0“BABY CORN (Zea mays L)”
t1“FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
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