Abstract
Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc. In the absence of zinc, retarded growth was evident after 16 days of germination. Interveinal chlorosis of the leaves was observed on plants grown in this nutrient solution without added zinc. Substitution of tryptophan for zinc in the nutrient solution without added zinc. Substitution of tryptophan for zinc in the nutrient solution during the first 19-day growth period, completely corrected the symptom of retarded growth and the other symptoms of zinc deficiency. This optimal growth and tryptophan was accomplished even with a five-fold reduction of tissue zinc when compared with zinc treatment. This result was interpreted to indicate that tryptophan synthesis required zinc. Substitution of indole acetic acid for zinc in the growth medium resulted on in a slight increase in dry weight yields when compared with the minus-zinc treatment. The lack of adequate response to supplemental IAA could be attributed to its inactivation by zinc-deficient plants. Dry yield data indicated that growth response was evident after 16 days of germination, but zinc application was shown to be essential by the sixth day of germination. Application after this data resulted in a reduced growth rate from which the plant did not recover after 18 days of growth. Therefore, zinc was clearly shown to be involved in the processes vital to growth. While it took 16 days for retarded growth to be evident in plants that received no zinc, a reduction in the heavy polysome population was observed on 4-day old seedlings growth under similar conditions. Therefore, it would seem that the accumulated growth resulting from the addition of zinc or tryptophan was reflected at the polysomal level at the early stages of development. The polysome studies thus gave added support to the growth data since they showed the same relationship between tryptophan and zinc treatments. As in the growth investigation the IAA-treatment was intermediate with the minus zinc treatment consistently the lowest. The additional support for the zinc-trypophan relationship was obtained in a series of tests with N-bromosuccinimide. The inactivation of tryptophan in plants grown in nutrient solution in which bromosuccinimide was added, resulted in characteristic zinc deficiency symptoms even with an adequate level of zinc in the tissue. In a polysome study a marked reduction in polysome yield due to this compound. These results demonstrated that zinc is necessary for tryptophan synthesis. It would appear that the role of tryptophan as a precursor for IAA synthesis is only a part of its complete function in corn plants.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Substituting tryptophan for zinc corrected the retarded growth and other zinc-deficiency symptoms of corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Substitution of tryptophan for zince1
- Outcome
- the symptom of retarded growthe1
- Direction
- correctede1
- Comparator
- nutrient solution without added zince0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e1“Substitution of tryptophan for zinc in the nutrient solution during the first 19-day growth period, completely corrected the symptom of retarded growth and the other symptoms of zinc deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grew optimally with tryptophan even with a five-fold reduction of tissue zinc relative to zinc treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- tryptophane2
- Outcome
- tissue zince2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- five-folde2
- Comparator
- zinc treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e2“This optimal growth and tryptophan was accomplished even with a five-fold reduction of tissue zinc when compared with zinc treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Tryptophan synthesis in corn requires zinc.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Compound
- zince3
- Outcome
- tryptophan synthesise3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e3“This result was interpreted to indicate that tryptophan synthesis required zinc”
Claim · model-written summary
Substituting indole acetic acid for zinc gave a slight increase in dry weight relative to the minus-zinc treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Substitution of indole acetic acid for zince4
- Outcome
- dry weight yieldse4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Qualifier
- slighte4
- Comparator
- minus-zinc treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e4“Substitution of indole acetic acid for zinc in the growth medium resulted on in a slight increase in dry weight yields when compared with the minus-zinc treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The lack of adequate response to supplemental IAA may be due to its inactivation by zinc-deficient corn plants.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Compound
- IAAe5
- Outcome
- lack of adequate response to supplemental IAAe5
- Qualifier
- inactivation by zinc-deficient plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e5“The lack of adequate response to supplemental IAA could be attributed to its inactivation by zinc-deficient plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth response of corn was evident after 16 days of germination.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- growth responsee6
- Qualifier
- evident after 16 days of germinatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e6“Dry yield data indicated that growth response was evident after 16 days of germination, but zinc application was shown to be essential by the sixth day of germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application was essential for corn growth by the sixth day of germination.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- zinc application was shown to be essentiale6
- Qualifier
- by the sixth day of germinatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e6“Dry yield data indicated that growth response was evident after 16 days of germination, but zinc application was shown to be essential by the sixth day of germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application after the sixth day reduced corn growth rate, from which plants did not recover after 18 days.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Application after this datae7
- Outcome
- growth ratee7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- from which the plant did not recover after 18 days of growthe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e7“Application after this data resulted in a reduced growth rate from which the plant did not recover after 18 days of growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy polysome population was reduced in 4-day-old corn seedlings.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- 4-day old seedlingse3
- Outcome
- heavy polysome populatione3
- Direction
- reductione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e3“a reduction in the heavy polysome population was observed on 4-day old seedlings growth under similar conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Accumulated growth from added zinc or tryptophan is reflected at the polysomal level in early development.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- addition of zinc or tryptophane2
- Outcome
- polysomal levele2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e2“the accumulated growth resulting from the addition of zinc or tryptophan was reflected at the polysomal level at the early stages of development”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromosuccinimide inactivation of tryptophan caused characteristic zinc deficiency symptoms despite adequate tissue zinc.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- bromosuccinimide was addede4
- Compound
- bromosuccinimidee4
- Outcome
- characteristic zinc deficiency symptomse4
- Qualifier
- even with an adequate level of zinc in the tissuee4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e4“The inactivation of tryptophan in plants grown in nutrient solution in which bromosuccinimide was added, resulted in characteristic zinc deficiency symptoms even with an adequate level of zinc in the tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
N-bromosuccinimide markedly reduced corn polysome yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- N-bromosuccinimidee6
- Outcome
- polysome yielde5
- Direction
- reductione5
- Qualifier
- markede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc-deficient corn plants were obtained by raising seedlings in nutrient solution without added zinc”
e5“In a polysome study a marked reduction in polysome yield due to this compound”
e6“The additional support for the zinc-trypophan relationship was obtained in a series of tests with N-bromosuccinimide”
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