Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major limiting factors of wheat production worldwide. Although silicon (Si) is known to improve plant growth under low phosphorus (P) conditions, the impact of Si supply on the nutritional quality of wheat grains at field conditions remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Si fertilization on the healthy attributes and yield of grains of wheat plants grown under a P deficiency. A field experiment on an Andisol with low available P content never amended with Si fertilizer was conducted. Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency) were used during two growing seasons. Three P doses (0, 200, and 400 mg P kg−1 soil; as triple superphosphate) were applied in combination with three Si doses (0, 250, and 500 mg Si kg−1 soil; as magnesium silicate). At the mature grain stage, Si and P concentration, total phenols, phenolic acids, radical scavenging activity, and yield components were evaluated. At both growing seasons, Si supply enhanced the grain P concentration of cv. Púrpura grown in the absence of P, whereas grain Si concentration increased in both cultivars along the gradient of P supply. Interestingly, increasing Si doses augmented the phenol concentration and antioxidant capacity in grains of cv. Púrpura grown without P in both growing seasons. In contrast, Si decreased grain phenol concentration of cv. Fritz under P deficiency. A slight increment of phenolic acids induced by 250 mg kg−1 Si was also detected in grains of both wheat cultivars grown without P. A positive effect of Si fertilization on the grain yield of both wheat cultivars was also found. In the first growing season, Si added to P deficient plants increased grain yield by about 23% and 47% in cv. Púrpura and cv. Fritz, respectively. A significant increase in grain yield was also observed in both wheat cultivars in the second year of the field assay. Taken together, our finding showed that Si fertilization improved the P concentration, phenols production, antioxidant capacity and yield of wheat grains under low P conditions. In this way, Si fertilization could be used as a potential strategy to improve crop production in soils with low P availability. Acknowledgments. FONDECYT Regular Project N°1201257.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Si supply enhanced grain P concentration of cv. Púrpura grown without P.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Material
- cv. Púrpurae0
- Treatment
- Si supplye0
- Outcome
- grain P concentratione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- in the absence of Pe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si supply enhanced the grain P concentration of cv. Púrpura grown in the absence of P”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain Si concentration increased in both cultivars along the gradient of P supply.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- gradient of P supplye0
- Outcome
- grain Si concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain Si concentration increased in both cultivars along the gradient of P supply”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Si doses augmented phenol concentration and antioxidant capacity in grains of cv. Púrpura grown without P.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- cv. Púrpurae0
- Treatment
- Si dosese0
- Outcome
- phenol concentration and antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- augmentede0
- Qualifier
- grown without Pe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing Si doses augmented the phenol concentration and antioxidant capacity in grains of cv. Púrpura grown without P in both growing seasons”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
Si decreased grain phenol concentration of cv. Fritz under P deficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- cv. Fritze0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- grain phenol concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- under P deficiencye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si decreased grain phenol concentration of cv. Fritz under P deficiency”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
A slight increase in phenolic acids induced by 250 mg kg−1 Si was detected in grains of both cultivars grown without P.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 250 mg kg−1 Sie0
- Outcome
- phenolic acidse0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Qualifier
- grown without Pe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A slight increment of phenolic acids induced by 250 mg kg−1 Si was also detected in grains of both wheat cultivars grown without P”
Claim · model-written summary
Si fertilization had a positive effect on grain yield of both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Si fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A positive effect of Si fertilization on the grain yield of both wheat cultivars was also found”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first growing season, Si added to P-deficient plants increased grain yield by about 23% in cv. Púrpura.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- cv. Púrpurae0
- Treatment
- Si added to P deficient plantse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Qualifier
- In the first growing seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the first growing season, Si added to P deficient plants increased grain yield by about 23% and 47% in cv. Púrpura and cv. Fritz, respectively”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first growing season, Si added to P-deficient plants increased grain yield by about 47% in cv. Fritz.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- cv. Fritze0
- Treatment
- Si added to P deficient plantse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Qualifier
- In the first growing seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the first growing season, Si added to P deficient plants increased grain yield by about 23% and 47% in cv. Púrpura and cv. Fritz, respectively”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
Claim · model-written summary
A significant increase in grain yield was observed in both wheat cultivars in the second year of the field assay with Si fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Si fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- in the second yeare0
- Setting
- field assaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant increase in grain yield was also observed in both wheat cultivars in the second year of the field assay”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
e2“A positive effect of Si fertilization on the grain yield of both wheat cultivars was also found”
Claim · model-written summary
Si fertilization could be used as a potential strategy to improve crop production in soils with low P availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- crop productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si fertilization could be used as a potential strategy to improve crop production in soils with low P availability”
e1“Two wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance to P deficiency (cv. Púrpura, sensitive to P deficiency; and cv. Fritz, tolerant to P deficiency)”
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