Abstract
Sugar, light, and hormones are major signals regulating plant growth and development, however, the interactions among these signals are not fully understood at the molecular level. Recent studies showed that sugar promotes hypocotyl elongation by activating the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway after shifting Arabidopsis seedlings from light to extended darkness. Here, we show that sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light. BR induction of hypocotyl elongation in seedlings grown under light is inhibited by increasing concentration of sucrose. The sugar inhibition of BR response is correlated with decreased effect of BR on the dephosphorylation of BZR1, the master transcription factor of the BR signaling pathway. This sugar effect is independent of the sugar sensors Hexokinase 1 (HXK1) and Target of Rapamycin (TOR), but requires the GSK3-like kinase Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2), which is stabilized by sugar. Our study uncovers an inhibitory effect of sugar on BR signaling in plants grown under light, in contrast to its promotive effect in the dark. Such light-dependent sugar-BR crosstalk apparently contributes to optimal growth responses to photosynthate availability according to light-dark conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar inhibited BR signaling in light-grown Arabidopsis seedlings.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- sugare0
- Outcome
- BR signalinge0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Qualifier
- under lighte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing sucrose inhibited BR-induced hypocotyl elongation in light-grown seedlings.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- increasing concentration of sucrosee0
- Outcome
- hypocotyl elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- under lighte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BR induction of hypocotyl elongation in seedlings grown under light is inhibited by increasing concentration of sucrose”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar inhibition correlated with a reduced BR effect on BZR1 dephosphorylation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- sugar inhibition of BR responsee0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- effect of BR on the dephosphorylation of BZR1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sugar inhibition of BR response is correlated with decreased effect of BR on the dephosphorylation of BZR1”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar effect was independent of HXK1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- Hexokinase 1 (HXK1)e0
- Outcome
- independent of the sugar sensorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This sugar effect is independent of the sugar sensors Hexokinase 1 (HXK1) and Target of Rapamycin (TOR)”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar effect was independent of TOR.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- Target of Rapamycin (TOR)e0
- Outcome
- independent of the sugar sensorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This sugar effect is independent of the sugar sensors Hexokinase 1 (HXK1) and Target of Rapamycin (TOR)”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
The sugar effect required BIN2.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2)e0
- Outcome
- requires the GSK3-like kinase Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“requires the GSK3-like kinase Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2), which is stabilized by sugar”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar stabilized BIN2.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- sugare0
- Gene
- Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2)e0
- Outcome
- Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2)e0
- Direction
- stabilizede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2), which is stabilized by sugar”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest light-dependent sugar-BR crosstalk helps optimize growth responses to photosynthate availability.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Outcome
- optimal growth responsese0
- Qualifier
- light-dependent sugar-BR crosstalke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such light-dependent sugar-BR crosstalk apparently contributes to optimal growth responses to photosynthate availability according to light-dark conditions”
e1“sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light”
The same questions in other papers
sucrose · growth · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
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