Abstract
Abstract The use of pre‐emergence (PRE) herbicides is resurging as a standard practice for weed management in corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the U.S. north‐central region. The increased use of PRE herbicides warrants investigation on the impact of spray carrier volume on weed control. Field experiments were established at Arlington, WI, in 2018 and 2019 and Janesville, WI, in 2018 to evaluate the influence of carrier volume on weed control of PRE herbicides in conventional tilled corn and soybean. Each experiment included three PRE herbicide premixes applied at crop planting at five carrier volumes (2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 17.5 gal acre −1 ). A nontreated control was also included in the experiment. Carrier volume did not influence weed control but PRE herbicide selection did. In corn, acetochlor + clopyralid + mesotrione and bicyclopyrone + mesotrione + S ‐metolachlor provided 10–13% better annual grass, common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and giant ragweed ( A. trifida L.) control than fluthiacet‐methyl + pyroxasulfone. In soybean, dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacil resulted in similar common ragweed control as the flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone treatment (79–85%), and 6 and 14% higher annual grass control and biomass reduction, respectively, compared to metribuzin + chlorimuron‐ethyl at Arlington. At Janesville, due to the high giant ragweed density in soybean, all herbicide treatments provided low levels of giant ragweed control (48–56%). Results from these field experiments suggest that lower carrier volumes could be used for PRE herbicide applications without compromising weed control in conventional tillage systems.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Carrier volume did not influence weed control.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Carrier volume did not influence weed control but PRE herbicide selection did.”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide selection influenced weed control.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Carrier volume did not influence weed control but PRE herbicide selection did.”
Claim · model-written summary
Two corn herbicide mixtures provided 10–13% better grass and ragweed control than fluthiacet mixture.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- acetochlor + clopyralid + mesotrione and bicyclopyrone + mesotrione + S ‐metolachlore0
- Outcome
- annual grass, common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and giant ragweed ( A. trifida L.) controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 10–13%e0
- Comparator
- fluthiacet‐methyl + pyroxasulfonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In corn, acetochlor + clopyralid + mesotrione and bicyclopyrone + mesotrione + S ‐metolachlor provided 10–13% better annual grass, common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and giant ragweed ( A. trifida L.) control than fluthiacet‐methyl + pyroxasulfone.”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean, dimethenamid plus saflufenacil gave similar ragweed control to flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacile0
- Outcome
- common ragweed controle0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- 79–85%e0
- Comparator
- flumioxazin + pyroxasulfonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybean, dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacil resulted in similar common ragweed control as the flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone treatment (79–85%)”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean, dimethenamid plus saflufenacil raised annual grass control by 6%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacile0
- Outcome
- annual grass controle0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6e0
- Comparator
- metribuzin + chlorimuron‐ethyle0
- Setting
- Arlingtone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybean, dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacil resulted in similar common ragweed control as the flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone treatment (79–85%), and 6 and 14% higher annual grass control and biomass reduction, respectively, compared to metribuzin + chlorimuron‐ethyl at Arlington.”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean, dimethenamid plus saflufenacil raised weed biomass reduction by 14%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacile0
- Outcome
- biomass reductione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 14%e0
- Comparator
- metribuzin + chlorimuron‐ethyle0
- Setting
- Arlingtone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybean, dimethenamid‐ P + saflufenacil resulted in similar common ragweed control as the flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone treatment (79–85%), and 6 and 14% higher annual grass control and biomass reduction, respectively, compared to metribuzin + chlorimuron‐ethyl at Arlington.”
Claim · model-written summary
All soybean herbicides gave low giant ragweed control at Janesville.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- giant ragweed controle0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- 48–56%e0
- Setting
- Janesvillee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At Janesville, due to the high giant ragweed density in soybean, all herbicide treatments provided low levels of giant ragweed control (48–56%).”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest lower carrier volumes for pre-emergence herbicide application.
- Outcome
- lower carrier volumes could be used for PRE herbicide applicationse0
- Qualifier
- without compromising weed controle0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“lower carrier volumes could be used for PRE herbicide applications without compromising weed control in conventional tillage systems.”
The same questions in other papers
clopyralid · control · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
saflufenacil · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
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See all 32 papers →dimethenamid-P · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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bicyclopyrone · control · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
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See all 5 papers →dimethenamid-P · control · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
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See all 6 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.