Abstract
Abstract Verticillium dahliae is a soil‐borne, phytopathogenic fungus that causes Verticillium wilt in cotton. Salt tolerance of cotton plants suffering from Verticillium wilt was significantly improved, but the mechanism is unknown. In this study, we built a symbiont named Cotton≡VD by immersing cotton plant roots into Verticillium dahliae liquid for four days. This resulted in a strong interaction between hyphae and the cotton roots. Under NaCl treatment for 24 h, the Cotton≡VD displayed less leaf wilting and improved root growth compared with the control. Biochemical tests of SOD, POD and CAT showed significant overexpression in Cotton≡VD compared with CK. RNA‐seq data analysis of Cotton≡VD indicated a novel ‘galactose metabolism pathway’ in the KEGG database, in which two key genes, GolS2 and RFS5 , were significantly differentially expressed. Symbiotic metabolites inositol galactosyl could be transformed into raffinose to scavenge free radicals and participate in plant osmotic regulation to alleviate salt stress in Cotton≡VD. Functional analysis indicated that silencing of the target gene GhRFS ( RFS5 ) led to a decrease of raffinose content and salt tolerance as compared with CK. Cotton≡VD can significantly improve cotton seedling salt tolerance through improving raffinose content, providing new insights into the salt tolerance mechanism and new salt‐tolerant material in the future.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton with Verticillium wilt had improved salt tolerance.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Interactor
- VerticilliumVerticilliume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Salt tolerancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt tolerance of cotton plants suffering from Verticillium wilt was significantly improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal hyphae interacted strongly with cotton roots.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Interactor
- hyphaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- strong interaction between hyphae and the cotton rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in a strong interaction between hyphae and the cotton roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton≡VD showed less leaf wilting under NaCl than control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Cotton≡VDe0
- Outcome
- leaf wiltinge0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- NaCl treatment for 24 he0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under NaCl treatment for 24 h, the Cotton≡VD displayed less leaf wilting and improved root growth compared with the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton≡VD showed improved root growth under NaCl than control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Cotton≡VDe0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- NaCl treatment for 24 he0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under NaCl treatment for 24 h, the Cotton≡VD displayed less leaf wilting and improved root growth compared with the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD was overexpressed in Cotton≡VD relative to CK.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Cotton≡VDe0
- Gene
- SODe0
- Outcome
- overexpressione0
- Direction
- overexpressione0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochemical tests of SOD, POD and CAT showed significant overexpression in Cotton≡VD compared with CK.”
Claim · model-written summary
POD was overexpressed in Cotton≡VD relative to CK.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Cotton≡VDe0
- Gene
- PODe0
- Outcome
- overexpressione0
- Direction
- overexpressione0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochemical tests of SOD, POD and CAT showed significant overexpression in Cotton≡VD compared with CK.”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT was overexpressed in Cotton≡VD relative to CK.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Cotton≡VDe0
- Gene
- CATe0
- Outcome
- overexpressione0
- Direction
- overexpressione0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochemical tests of SOD, POD and CAT showed significant overexpression in Cotton≡VD compared with CK.”
Claim · model-written summary
GolS2 was differentially expressed in Cotton≡VD.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Gene
- GolS2e0
- Outcome
- differentially expressede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two key genes, GolS2 and RFS5 , were significantly differentially expressed”
t0“symbionts of cotton≡Verticillium”
Claim · model-written summary
RFS5 was differentially expressed in Cotton≡VD.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Gene
- RFS5e0
- Outcome
- differentially expressede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two key genes, GolS2 and RFS5 , were significantly differentially expressed”
t0“symbionts of cotton≡Verticillium”
Claim · model-written summary
Transformation of inositol galactosyl into raffinose could help alleviate salt stress.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Compound
- raffinosee0
- Outcome
- alleviate salt stresse0
- Qualifier
- could be transformed into raffinosee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiotic metabolites inositol galactosyl could be transformed into raffinose to scavenge free radicals and participate in plant osmotic regulation to alleviate salt stress in Cotton≡VD.”
Claim · model-written summary
GhRFS silencing decreased raffinose content relative to CK.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of the target gene GhRFS ( RFS5 )e0
- Gene
- GhRFSe0
- Outcome
- raffinose contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of the target gene GhRFS ( RFS5 ) led to a decrease of raffinose content and salt tolerance as compared with CK.”
t0“symbionts of cotton≡Verticillium”
Claim · model-written summary
GhRFS silencing decreased salt tolerance relative to CK.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of the target gene GhRFS ( RFS5 )e0
- Gene
- GhRFSe0
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of the target gene GhRFS ( RFS5 ) led to a decrease of raffinose content and salt tolerance as compared with CK.”
t0“symbionts of cotton≡Verticillium”
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See all 57 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.