Abstract
Autotoxicity is known as a critical factor in replanting problem that reduces land utilization and creates economic losses. Benzoic acid (BA) is identified as a major autotoxin in peach replant problem, and causes stunted seedling growth or even death. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of peach response to BA stress remain elusive. Here, we comprehensively studied the morphophysiological, transcriptional, and metabolic responses of peach plants to BA toxicity. Results showed that BA stress inhibited peach seedlings growth, decreased chlorophyll contents and fluorescence levels, as well as disturbed mineral metabolism. The contents of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde, as well as the total antioxidant capacity, were significantly increased under BA stress. A total of 6,319 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after BA stress, of which the DEGs related to photosynthesis, redox, and ion metabolism were greatly changed; meanwhile, numerous stress-responsive genes ( HSPs , GSTs , GR , and ABC transporters ) and transcription factors ( MYB , AP2/ERF , NAC , bHLH , and WRKY ) were noticeably altered under BA stress. BA induced metabolic reprogramming, and 74 differentially accumulated metabolites, including amino acids and derivatives, fatty acids, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols, were identified in BA-stressed roots. Furthermore, an integrated analysis of genes and metabolites indicated that most of the co-mapped KEGG pathways were enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, which implied a disturbed carbon and nitrogen metabolism after BA stress. The findings would be insightful in elucidating the mechanisms of plant response to autotoxicity stress, and help guide crops in alleviating replant problem.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
BA inhibited peach seedling growth.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicae0 - Treatment
- BA stresse0
- Outcome
- seedlings growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BA stress inhibited peach seedlings growth”
Claim · model-written summary
BA reduced chlorophyll and fluorescence.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- BA stresse2
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contents and fluorescence levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased chlorophyll contents and fluorescence levels”
e1“peach plants”
e2“Results showed that BA stress”
Claim · model-written summary
BA disturbed mineral metabolism.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- BA stresse2
- Outcome
- mineral metabolisme0
- Direction
- disturbede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as well as disturbed mineral metabolism.”
e1“peach plants”
e2“Results showed that BA stress”
Claim · model-written summary
BA significantly increased hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and malondialdehyde.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- BA stresse0
- Outcome
- contents of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde, as well as the total antioxidant capacity, were significantly increased under BA stress.”
e1“peach plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BA significantly increased total antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- BA stresse0
- Outcome
- total antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the total antioxidant capacity, were significantly increased under BA stress.”
e1“peach plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BA altered expression of 6,319 genes.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- BA stresse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
- Value
- 6,319e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A total of 6,319 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after BA stress”
e1“peach plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BA strongly changed genes associated with photosynthesis, redox and ion metabolism.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Outcome
- DEGs related to photosynthesis, redox, and ion metabolisme0
- Direction
- greatly changede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the DEGs related to photosynthesis, redox, and ion metabolism were greatly changed”
e1“peach plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BA altered stress-responsive genes and transcription factors.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- BA stresse0
- Outcome
- stress-responsive genese0
- Direction
- noticeably alterede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“numerous stress-responsive genes ( HSPs , GSTs , GR , and ABC transporters ) and transcription factors ( MYB , AP2/ERF , NAC , bHLH , and WRKY ) were noticeably altered under BA stress.”
e1“peach plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-stressed roots contained 74 differentially accumulated metabolites.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- BAe0
- Outcome
- differentially accumulated metabolitese0
- Value
- 74e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“74 differentially accumulated metabolites, including amino acids and derivatives, fatty acids, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols, were identified in BA-stressed roots.”
e1“peach plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mapped gene-metabolite pathways were enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Outcome
- co-mapped KEGG pathwayse0
- Direction
- enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most of the co-mapped KEGG pathways were enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism”
e1“peach plants”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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1 in the opposite direction
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N-benzyladenine · molecular: metabolites · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.