Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the production of bioethanol from corn grain. The research was supposed to study the influence of elements of cultivation technology and vegetation factors on the yield of bioethanol from grain. Field researches were carried out during 2011-2017. on the experimental field of the Department of Plant Growing, Breeding and Bioenergetic Crops of the State Enterprise "Kordelivka" of the Institute of Potato Growing of the NAANU VNAU. The soils of the experimental plot are deep, medium-loamy black soil on loess, the humus content in the arable layer was 4.60%. Field experiments were laid in accordance with the recommendations set out in the "Methodology for field experiments with corn." The climatic conditions of 2011-2017 were favorable for the growth and development of corn, and in 2012 and 2015 were characterized by the limiting factor - humidity, which ultimately affected the productivity of the corn hybrids. The yield of bioethanol from raw materials was calculated as the yield of ethanol - its amount obtained from a ton of fermented carbohydrates in terms of starch. Research has established that the use of such hybrids of the early maturing group as DKS 2971, DKS 2960, DKS 2787, the mid-early group DKS 3472, DKS 3420, DKS 3476 and the mid-ripening group DKS 4964, DK 315, DKS 4626 and DK 440 will significantly increase the yield of bioethanol per unit area. A delay in sowing corn hybrids leads to a decrease in the yield of bioethanol by 0.640-0.847 thousand. l / ha. Foliage fertilizing provided an increase in bioethanol yield, which averaged 0.1-1.04 thousand l / ha relative to control (water feeding), the growth of bioethanol yield with a single foliar top dressing was 0.10-0.65 thousand l / ha , and with double foliar feeding - 0.30-1.04 thousand l / ha in comparison with the control. The highest bioethanol yield was obtained for a double application of Ecolist Mono Zinc microfertilizer in combination with the bacterial preparation Biomag, the growth of which averaged 0.72-0.90 thousand l / ha relative to the control. In 2015, which turned out to be quite arid, the yield of bioethanol, on average, in the studied corn hybrids was 3.622 thousand l / ha, in 2016 - 4.494 thousand l / ha, and in 2017 - 4.230 thousand l / ha. The yield of bioethanol in the group of early-maturing hybrids was 3.365 thousand l / ha, medium-early - 4.096 thousand l / ha and mid-season - 4.885 thousand l / ha. The yield of bioethanol when sowing with seeds of a fine fraction, on average, fluctuated within 2.94-3.78 thousand l / ha, or on average for a fraction of 3.41 thousand l / ha, when sowing with seeds of an average fraction - 3.28- 4.36 thousand l / ha, or on average for a fraction of 3.81, and when sowing with seeds of a coarse fraction - 3.33-4.31 thousand l / ha, or on average for a fraction of 3.84 thousand l / ha. The seeding depth of corn seeds had an ambiguous effect on the yield of bioethanol from the grain, that is, an increase in the seeding depth leads to a decrease in the yield of bioethanol from the sowing unit. So, a significant influence of the studied elements of technology and vegetation factors on the yield of bioethanol in corn hybrids of different ripeness groups has been established.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
The listed corn hybrids were reported to significantly increase bioethanol yield per unit area.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the use of such hybrids of the early maturing group as DKS 2971, DKS 2960, DKS 2787, the mid-early group DKS 3472, DKS 3420, DKS 3476 and the mid-ripening group DKS 4964, DK 315, DKS 4626 and DK 440 will significantly increase the yield of bioethanol per unit area.”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed sowing decreased corn bioethanol yield by 0.640-0.847 thousand l / ha.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- A delay in sowinge0
- Outcome
- yield of bioethanole0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 0.640-0.847 thousand. l / hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A delay in sowing corn hybrids leads to a decrease in the yield of bioethanol by 0.640-0.847 thousand. l / ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizing increased bioethanol yield by 0.1-1.04 thousand l / ha relative to water feeding.
- Treatment
- Foliage fertilizinge0
- Outcome
- bioethanol yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0.1-1.04 thousand l / hae0
- Comparator
- water feedinge0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Foliage fertilizing provided an increase in bioethanol yield, which averaged 0.1-1.04 thousand l / ha relative to control (water feeding)”
Claim · model-written summary
Single foliar top dressing increased bioethanol yield by 0.10-0.65 thousand l / ha.
- Treatment
- single foliar top dressinge0
- Outcome
- bioethanol yielde0
- Direction
- growthe0
- Value
- 0.10-0.65 thousand l / hae0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the growth of bioethanol yield with a single foliar top dressing was 0.10-0.65 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Double foliar feeding increased bioethanol yield by 0.30-1.04 thousand l / ha relative to control.
- Treatment
- double foliar feedinge0
- Outcome
- bioethanol yielde0
- Direction
- growthe0
- Value
- 0.30-1.04 thousand l / hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the growth of bioethanol yield with a single foliar top dressing was 0.10-0.65 thousand l / ha , and with double foliar feeding - 0.30-1.04 thousand l / ha in comparison with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Double Ecolist Mono Zinc with Biomag produced the highest bioethanol yield, 0.72-0.90 thousand l / ha above control.
- Treatment
- double application of Ecolist Mono Zinc microfertilizer in combination with the bacterial preparation Biomage0
- Outcome
- bioethanol yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.72-0.90 thousand l / hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The highest bioethanol yield was obtained for a double application of Ecolist Mono Zinc microfertilizer in combination with the bacterial preparation Biomag, the growth of which averaged 0.72-0.90 thousand l / ha relative to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean bioethanol yield in 2015 was 3.622 thousand l / ha.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- yield of bioethanole0
- Value
- 3.622 thousand l / hae0
- Qualifier
- quite aride0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2015, which turned out to be quite arid, the yield of bioethanol, on average, in the studied corn hybrids was 3.622 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean bioethanol yield in 2016 was 4.494 thousand l / ha.
- Value
- 4.494 thousand l / hae0
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“in 2016 - 4.494 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean bioethanol yield in 2017 was 4.230 thousand l / ha.
- Value
- 4.230 thousand l / hae0
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“in 2017 - 4.230 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Early maturing hybrids yielded 3.365 thousand l / ha of bioethanol.
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“early-maturing hybrids was 3.365 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium early hybrids yielded 4.096 thousand l / ha of bioethanol.
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“medium-early - 4.096 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Mid season hybrids yielded 4.885 thousand l / ha of bioethanol.
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“mid-season - 4.885 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Fine seed fraction sowing averaged 3.41 thousand l / ha bioethanol yield.
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“when sowing with seeds of a fine fraction, on average, fluctuated within 2.94-3.78 thousand l / ha, or on average for a fraction of 3.41 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed fraction sowing averaged 3.81 bioethanol yield.
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“when sowing with seeds of an average fraction - 3.28- 4.36 thousand l / ha, or on average for a fraction of 3.81”
Claim · model-written summary
Coarse seed fraction sowing averaged 3.84 thousand l / ha bioethanol yield.
Not reportedTaxonOutcome
Verbatim
e0“when sowing with seeds of a coarse fraction - 3.33-4.31 thousand l / ha, or on average for a fraction of 3.84 thousand l / ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing seed depth decreased bioethanol yield.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the seeding depth leads to a decrease in the yield of bioethanol from the sowing unit.”
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