Abstract
The effects of water extracts of cattle, rabbit and pigeon manures and jatropha seed powder and the chemical nematicides Furadan 10G, Ragby 60% and Vydate L 24% on controlling Meloidogyne incognita were studied. In vitro, the tested organic matters and nematicides caused significant decrease of nematode activity after 4 and 7 days of exposure. Treatments with the tested nematicides caused 98.4-99.2% inhibition of egg-hatching. Treatment with water extract of pigeonmanure caused 50.6%, followed by water extracts of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder which showed 32.4-34.8% inhibition of egg-hatching.The effect of the previous organic matters and chemical nematicides each alone or the combination between them on controlling M. incognita on tomato plants cv. Marmande was evaluated. Treatment with the tested nematicides Furadan10G, Ragby 60% and Vydate L 24% resulted in great reductions (93.3-99.1%) in root galls and nematode egg-masses. Treatment with pigeon manure gave 65.3 and 67.5 % reductions in root galls and nematode egg-masses, respectively. The application of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder resulted in 15.3-32.2% reduction in root galls and nematode egg-masses. Treatments with pigeon, rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder resulted in a significant increase in fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems compared to other treatments. Treatment with each of the tested organic matters plus any of the tested nematicides caused 78.9-99.3% reduction in root galls and nematode egg-masses and caused a significant increase in fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems compared to control (nematode treatment).
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro, organic matters and nematicides significantly decreased nematode activity after 4 and 7 days of exposure.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume2 - Treatment
- tested organic matters and nematicidese1
- Outcome
- nematode activitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Setting
- In vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In vitro, the tested organic matters and nematicides caused significant decrease of nematode activity after 4 and 7 days of exposure”
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested nematicides caused 98.4-99.2% inhibition of Meloidogyne incognita egg-hatching.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- tested nematicidese3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitat0pathogen - Outcome
- egg-hatchinge3
- Direction
- inhibitione3
- Value
- 98.4-99.2%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e3“Treatments with the tested nematicides caused 98.4-99.2% inhibition of egg-hatching”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Water extract of pigeon manure reduced egg-hatching by 50.6%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- water extract of pigeonmanuree4
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- egg-hatchinge4
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Value
- 50.6%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e4“Treatment with water extract of pigeonmanure caused 50.6%, followed by water extracts of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder which showed 32.4-34.8% inhibition of egg-hatching”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Water extracts of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder reduced egg-hatching by 32.4-34.8%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- water extracts of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powdere4
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- egg-hatchinge4
- Direction
- inhibitione4
- Value
- 32.4-34.8%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e4“Treatment with water extract of pigeonmanure caused 50.6%, followed by water extracts of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder which showed 32.4-34.8% inhibition of egg-hatching”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested nematicides Furadan10G, Ragby 60% and Vydate L 24% greatly reduced root galls and nematode egg-masses (93.3-99.1%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- tested nematicides Furadan10G, Ragby 60% and Vydate L 24%e5
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- root galls and nematode egg-massese5
- Direction
- reductionse5
- Value
- 93.3-99.1%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e5“Treatment with the tested nematicides Furadan10G, Ragby 60% and Vydate L 24% resulted in great reductions (93.3-99.1%) in root galls and nematode egg-masses”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigeon manure reduced root galls by 65.3%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- pigeon manuree6
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- root gallse6
- Direction
- reductionse6
- Value
- 65.3e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e6“Treatment with pigeon manure gave 65.3 and 67.5 % reductions in root galls and nematode egg-masses, respectively”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigeon manure reduced nematode egg-masses by 67.5%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- pigeon manuree6
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- nematode egg-massese6
- Direction
- reductionse6
- Value
- 67.5 %e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e6“Treatment with pigeon manure gave 65.3 and 67.5 % reductions in root galls and nematode egg-masses, respectively”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder reduced root galls and nematode egg-masses by 15.3-32.2%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powdere7
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- root galls and nematode egg-massese7
- Direction
- reductione7
- Value
- 15.3-32.2%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e7“The application of cattle and rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder resulted in 15.3-32.2% reduction in root galls and nematode egg-masses”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigeon, rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder significantly increased fresh and dry shoot and root weights compared to other treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- pigeon, rabbit manures and jatropha seed powdere4
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systemse4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Comparator
- other treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e4“Treatments with pigeon, rabbit manures and jatropha seed powder resulted in a significant increase in fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems compared to other treatments”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Each organic matter plus any nematicide reduced root galls and nematode egg-masses by 78.9-99.3%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- each of the tested organic matters plus any of the tested nematicidese5
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- root galls and nematode egg-massese5
- Direction
- reductione5
- Value
- 78.9-99.3%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e5“Treatment with each of the tested organic matters plus any of the tested nematicides caused 78.9-99.3% reduction in root galls and nematode egg-masses”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Each organic matter plus any nematicide significantly increased fresh and dry shoot and root weights compared to the nematode-only control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- each of the tested organic matters plus any of the tested nematicidese5
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systemse6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Comparator
- control (nematode treatment)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on tomato plants cv. Marmande”
e5“Treatment with each of the tested organic matters plus any of the tested nematicides caused 78.9-99.3% reduction in root galls and nematode egg-masses”
e6“caused a significant increase in fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems compared to control (nematode treatment)”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.