Abstract
The deleterious effect of salinity and root-knot nematodes on sweet pepper is enormous. A screenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in alleviating adverse effects of salinity and M. incognita on sweet pepper. A 2 3 4 factorial experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. The 24-treatment combinations were three mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae, Glomus deserticola, and Gigaspora gigantea), an uninoculated control, three salinity levels (0.16, 3.24, and 6.06 dS/m), and inoculation either with or without 5,000 eggs of M. incognita. The results showed that sweet pepper variety Tatase was highly susceptible to M. incognita infection with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plants. Nematode inoculation and salinity significantly (P 0.05) impaired growth, AMF root colonization, and dry matter production compared with the control plants. Increase in salinity level significantly (P 0.05) reduced root galling and egg mass production. AMF inoculation significantly (P 0.05) reduced root galling and significantly enhanced growth and dry matter yield in the presence or absence of nematode infection at all salinity levels compared with the nonmycorrhizal plants. Among the AMF species, G. deserticola was the most efficient in ameliorating the injurious effects of salt and M. incognita.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet pepper variety Tatase was highly susceptible to M. incognita, with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plants.
- Taxon
- sweet pepper
Capsicum annuumt0 - Material
- Tatasee1
- Interactor
- M. incognita
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Meloidogyne incognitae1pathogen - Outcome
- highly susceptiblee1
- Qualifier
- with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“sweet pepper variety Tatase was highly susceptible to M. incognita infection with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode inoculation significantly impaired growth, AMF root colonization and dry matter production of sweet pepper compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Nematode inoculatione1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae2pathogen
- Outcome
- growth, AMF root colonization, and dry matter productione1
- Direction
- impairede1
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“Nematode inoculation and salinity significantly (P 0.05) impaired growth, AMF root colonization, and dry matter production compared with the control plants”
e2“sweet pepper variety Tatase was highly susceptible to M. incognita infection with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly impaired growth, AMF root colonization and dry matter production of sweet pepper compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye1
- Outcome
- growth, AMF root colonization, and dry matter productione1
- Direction
- impairede1
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“Nematode inoculation and salinity significantly (P 0.05) impaired growth, AMF root colonization, and dry matter production compared with the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity significantly reduced root galling and egg mass production of M. incognita on sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Increase in salinity levele1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae2pathogen
- Outcome
- root galling and egg mass productione1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“Increase in salinity level significantly (P 0.05) reduced root galling and egg mass production”
e2“sweet pepper variety Tatase was highly susceptible to M. incognita infection with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plants”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation significantly reduced root galling caused by M. incognita on sweet pepper compared with nonmycorrhizal plants.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae2pathogen
- Second interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- root gallinge1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“AMF inoculation significantly (P 0.05) reduced root galling and significantly enhanced growth and dry matter yield in the presence or absence of nematode infection at all salinity levels compared with the nonmycorrhizal plants”
e2“sweet pepper variety Tatase was highly susceptible to M. incognita infection with heavy galls on nonmycorrhizal plants”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation significantly enhanced growth and dry matter yield of sweet pepper compared with nonmycorrhizal plants.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Outcome
- growth and dry matter yielde1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“AMF inoculation significantly (P 0.05) reduced root galling and significantly enhanced growth and dry matter yield in the presence or absence of nematode infection at all salinity levels compared with the nonmycorrhizal plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Among the AMF species tested, G. deserticola was the most efficient in ameliorating the injurious effects of salt and M. incognita on sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- G. deserticolae1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Second interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae1symbiont
- Outcome
- ameliorating the injurious effects of salt and M. incognitae1
- Direction
- most efficiente1
- Comparator
- AMF speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“Among the AMF species, G. deserticola was the most efficient in ameliorating the injurious effects of salt and M. incognita”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · yield · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Results differ
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
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See all 22 papers →inoculation · yield · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Results differ
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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See all 37 papers →inoculation · Meloidogyne incognita · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
salinity · disease · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
mycorrhiza · Meloidogyne incognita · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.