Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals accumulated in wheat grains. Daily intake of Cd through food is posing serious health problems. There is an urgent need to reduce the uptake and accumulation of Cd in wheat and other cereal crops. In this study, we investigated the potential of moringa leaf extract (MLE) in decreasing the Cd toxic effects in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. A.S. 2002. Sowing was carried out in pots under shade and natural light conditions. Two Cd concentrations (500 µM and 1000 µM) were applied with and without MLE (0 and 3%). Results revealed that plant growth parameters viz diameter of stem, number of leaves, leaf area, photosynthetic pigments were improved with MLE application under Cd stress. Moreover, biochemical attributes and osmolytes such as total soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, phenolic content and flavonoids were negatively effected by Cd stress and were improved under MLE treatment. Moreover, Cd stress enhanced phytotoxicity as higher ROS accumulation is observed under both stress conditions, whereas after MLE application MDA and H2O2 accumulation was significantly decreased. Based on current observations, MLE was effective in mitigating the biological and toxic effects of Cd by promoting the growth attributes and mineral contents in wheat. Further experiments are needed for discovering the molecular mechanisms underlying MLE and host plant interactions involved in Cd stress mitigation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Moringa leaf extract improved stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area of wheat under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- MLE applicatione1
- Outcome
- diameter of stem, number of leaves, leaf areae1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- Cd stresse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e0“were applied with and without MLE (0 and 3%)”
e1“plant growth parameters viz diameter of stem, number of leaves, leaf area, photosynthetic pigments were improved with MLE application under Cd stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Moringa leaf extract improved photosynthetic pigments of wheat under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- MLE applicatione1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- Cd stresse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e0“were applied with and without MLE (0 and 3%)”
e1“plant growth parameters viz diameter of stem, number of leaves, leaf area, photosynthetic pigments were improved with MLE application under Cd stress”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE treatment improved total soluble sugars and soluble proteins of wheat under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- MLE treatmente2
- Outcome
- total soluble sugars, and soluble proteinse2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Comparator
- Cd stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e2“biochemical attributes and osmolytes such as total soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, phenolic content and flavonoids were negatively effected by Cd stress and were improved under MLE treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE treatment improved phenolic content and flavonoids of wheat under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- MLE treatmente2
- Outcome
- phenolic content and flavonoidse2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Comparator
- Cd stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e2“biochemical attributes and osmolytes such as total soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, phenolic content and flavonoids were negatively effected by Cd stress and were improved under MLE treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium stress increased ROS accumulation in wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Cd stresse3
- Outcome
- ROS accumulatione3
- Direction
- highere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e3“Cd stress enhanced phytotoxicity as higher ROS accumulation is observed under both stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE application significantly decreased MDA and H2O2 accumulation in wheat under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- MLE applicatione4
- Outcome
- MDA and H2O2 accumulatione4
- Direction
- significantly decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e4“after MLE application MDA and H2O2 accumulation was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE mitigated the toxic effects of Cd by promoting mineral contents of wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- MLEe5
- Outcome
- mineral contentse5
- Direction
- promotinge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e5“MLE was effective in mitigating the biological and toxic effects of Cd by promoting the growth attributes and mineral contents in wheat”
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