Paper · 2022 · Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management

Effects of irrigation levels and nitrogen fertilizer rate on grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) at Amibara, Middle Awash, Ethiopia

M. Hassen Jemal; R. Borena Fikadu; N. Tufa Kebede; et al.

8
claims
11
verbatim quotes
4
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

For three years, the response of wheat grain yield to varying amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and different levels of irrigation was investigated. Three levels of irrigation (100, 75, and 50%ETc) and five nitrogen rates (0, 23, 46, 69, and 92 kg/ha) were used in a split plot design. Irrigation and nitrogen levels both had a considerable impact on wheat grain yield, but there was no interaction between the two. The three-year combined analysis result revealed that the maximum grain yield of wheat was recorded at 92 kg/ha nitrogen rate and 100%ETc irrigation treatment. The minimum was obtained from no application of nitrogen and 50%ETc irrigation treatment. The study revealed that the above ground biomass and grain yield of wheat increased with the increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer and the full application of irrigation. The partial budget analysis revealed that an application of 100%ETc and 46 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer gave the maximum marginal rate of return and optimum net benefits. Therefore, application of 100%ETc irrigation and 46 kg/ha nitrogen is recommended for optimum returns of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization of wheat in the study area. Key words: Nitrogen, Irrigation, Water use efficiency, partial budget, economic yield.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation and nitrogen levels affected wheat grain yield.

Treatment
Irrigation and nitrogen levelse0
Outcome
wheat grain yielde0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Irrigation and nitrogen levels both had a considerable impact on wheat grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 283–365 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation and nitrogen had no interaction for wheat grain yield.

Outcome
no interaction between the twoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“there was no interaction between the two”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 371–411 · show in text ↑
t0

“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–101 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maximum wheat grain yield occurred at 92 kg/ha nitrogen and 100%ETc irrigation.

Treatment
92 kg/ha nitrogen rate and 100%ETc irrigation treatmente0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
maximume0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maximum grain yield of wheat was recorded at 92 kg/ha nitrogen rate and 100%ETc irrigation treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 471–571 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Minimum wheat grain yield occurred with no nitrogen and 50%ETc irrigation.

Treatment
no application of nitrogen and 50%ETc irrigation treatmente0
Outcome
minimume0
Direction
minimume0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“minimum was obtained from no application of nitrogen and 50%ETc irrigation treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 577–661 · show in text ↑
t0

“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–101 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat above ground biomass increased with nitrogen rate and full irrigation.

Treatment
increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer and the full application of irrigatione0
Outcome
above ground biomasse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“above ground biomass and grain yield of wheat increased with the increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer and the full application of irrigation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–834 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat grain yield increased with nitrogen rate and full irrigation.

Treatment
increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer and the full application of irrigatione0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“above ground biomass and grain yield of wheat increased with the increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer and the full application of irrigation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–834 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 100%ETc and 46 kg/ha nitrogen combination gave the maximum marginal rate of return and optimum net benefits.

Treatment
100%ETc and 46 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizere0
Outcome
maximum marginal rate of return and optimum net benefitse0
Direction
maximume0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“an application of 100%ETc and 46 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer gave the maximum marginal rate of return and optimum net benefits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 878–1002 · show in text ↑
t0

“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–101 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend 100%ETc irrigation and 46 kg/ha nitrogen for optimum wheat returns.

Outcome
application of 100%ETc irrigation and 46 kg/ha nitrogene0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“application of 100%ETc irrigation and 46 kg/ha nitrogen is recommended for optimum returns of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization of wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1015–1155 · show in text ↑

irrigation · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

242 papers: 177 positive, 65 negative or no effect

176 papers in the same direction as this paper · 61 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

238 papers more in this group

See all 242 papers →

fertilization · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

755 papers: 663 positive, 92 negative or no effect

662 papers in the same direction as this paper · 89 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

751 papers more in this group

See all 755 papers →

irrigation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

989 papers: 798 positive, 191 negative or no effect

797 papers in the same direction as this paper · 184 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

985 papers more in this group

See all 989 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

2,061 papers: 1,737 positive, 324 negative or no effect

1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2,057 papers more in this group

See all 2,061 papers →

fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

3,438 papers: 3,115 positive, 323 negative or no effect

3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

3,434 papers more in this group

See all 3,438 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.