Abstract
How crop biodiversity adapts to drought conditions and enhances grain yield became the most important issue facing agronomists and plant breeders at the turn of the century. Variations in genetic response, inadequacy of nutrients in the soil, and insufficient access to nutrients are factors that aggravate drought stressors. The development of screening tools for identifying drought tolerance is important in the deployment of durum wheat varieties suited to drought-prone environments. An experiment was conducted to evaluate durum wheat varieties under a range of nutrient supplies in naturally imposed drought conditions. The treatments consisting of two nitrogen regimes (i.e., control and 60 kg ha−1), four durum wheat varieties, and three types of nutrients (control, sulfur, and zinc) that were arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications. Both foliar-based sulfur and zinc fertilization were employed at the flag leaf stage, at a rate of 4 and 3-L ha−1, respectively. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) genetic variation in chlorophyll concentration, grain protein content, tillering potential, and leaf area index. Varieties that contained better leaf chlorophyll content had improved grain yield by about 8.33% under 60 kg/ha nitrogen. A combined application of nitrogen and zinc at flag leaf stage significantly improved grain yield of Duragold by about 21.3%. Leaf chlorophyll content was found to be a more important trait than spikes per m2 to discriminate durum wheat varieties. Foliar application of sulfur increased the grain yield of drought-stressed plants by about 12.23%. Grain yield and protein content were strongly correlated with late-season SPAD readings. Significant (p < 0.05) correlation coefficients were obtained between normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, grain yield, and protein content with late-season chlorophyll content, revealing the importance of chlorophyll content in studying and identifying drought-tolerant varieties.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Durum wheat varieties varied significantly in chlorophyll concentration.
- Taxon
- Durum Wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Outcome
- chlorophyll concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant (p < 0.05) genetic variation in chlorophyll concentration, grain protein content, tillering potential, and leaf area index”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Durum wheat varieties varied significantly in grain protein content.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- grain protein contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant (p < 0.05) genetic variation in chlorophyll concentration, grain protein content, tillering potential, and leaf area index”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Durum wheat varieties varied significantly in tillering potential and leaf area index.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- tillering potential, and leaf area indexe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant (p < 0.05) genetic variation in chlorophyll concentration, grain protein content, tillering potential, and leaf area index”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Varieties with better leaf chlorophyll content had about 8.33% higher grain yield under 60 kg/ha nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- 60 kg/ha nitrogene0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 8.33%e0
- Qualifier
- better leaf chlorophyll contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Varieties that contained better leaf chlorophyll content had improved grain yield by about 8.33% under 60 kg/ha nitrogen”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and zinc at flag leaf stage significantly improved Duragold grain yield by about 21.3%.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Duragolde0
- Treatment
- combined application of nitrogen and zinc at flag leaf stagee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 21.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A combined application of nitrogen and zinc at flag leaf stage significantly improved grain yield of Duragold by about 21.3%”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf chlorophyll content discriminated durum wheat varieties more effectively than spikes per m2.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- discriminate durum wheat varietiese0
- Direction
- more importante0
- Comparator
- spikes per m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf chlorophyll content was found to be a more important trait than spikes per m2 to discriminate durum wheat varieties”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar sulfur increased drought-stressed grain yield by about 12.23%.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of sulfure0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.23%e0
- Qualifier
- drought-stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of sulfur increased the grain yield of drought-stressed plants by about 12.23%”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was strongly correlated with late-season SPAD readings.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- strongly correlatede0
- Comparator
- late-season SPAD readingse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield and protein content were strongly correlated with late-season SPAD readings”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content was strongly correlated with late-season SPAD readings.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Comparator
- late-season SPAD readingse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield and protein content were strongly correlated with late-season SPAD readings”
t0“Durum Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, grain yield, and protein content correlated significantly with late-season chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, grain yield, and protein contente0
- Comparator
- late-season chlorophyll contente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant (p < 0.05) correlation coefficients were obtained between normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, grain yield, and protein content with late-season chlorophyll content”
t0“Durum Wheat”
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