Abstract
Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant that grows under diverse climatic conditions of Iran. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal and Azotobacter inoculation on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of E. caeruleum at various planting densities. Factors included three levels of plant density (10×30 cm, 20×30 cm, and 30×30 cm), two levels of seed inoculation with Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi (inoculation with Glomus mosseae and without inoculation), and two levels of seed inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum (with and without inoculation). The application of VAM fungi and A. chrooroccum significantly affected the measured traits. The interaction effect of plant density×mycorrhizal application and plant density×Azotobacter application on dry leaf weight was significant at a 1% level. The total leaf dry weight for the VAM treatments at a 30×30 cm plant density was 2.93 g. Also, the application of mycorrhizal fungus increased the essential oil percentage, the essential oil yield, and phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs by 132.68%, 100%, and 137.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. The simultaneous application of A. chroococcum and VAM improved the quantity and quality of the yield components of E. caeruleum by increasing the availability of mineral nutrients
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-sa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal and Azotobacter inoculation significantly affected the measured traits of Eryngium caeruleum.
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleum
Eryngium caeruleume1 - Treatment
- application of VAM fungi and A. chrooroccume0
- Interactor
- VAM fungie0symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. chrooroccume0symbiont
- Outcome
- measured traitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of VAM fungi and A. chrooroccum significantly affected the measured traits”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant density x mycorrhizal application interaction significantly affected dry leaf weight of Eryngium caeruleum (1% level).
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleumEryngium caeruleume1
- Treatment
- plant density×mycorrhizal applicatione0
- Outcome
- dry leaf weighte0
- Qualifier
- 1% levele0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction effect of plant density×mycorrhizal application and plant density×Azotobacter application on dry leaf weight was significant at a 1% level”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant density x Azotobacter application interaction significantly affected dry leaf weight of Eryngium caeruleum (1% level).
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleumEryngium caeruleume1
- Treatment
- plant density×Azotobacter applicatione0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0symbiont - Outcome
- dry leaf weighte0
- Qualifier
- 1% levele0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction effect of plant density×mycorrhizal application and plant density×Azotobacter application on dry leaf weight was significant at a 1% level”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Total leaf dry weight of VAM-treated plants at a 30×30 cm plant density was 2.93 g.
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleumEryngium caeruleume1
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- VAM treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total leaf dry weighte0
- Value
- 2.93 ge0
- Qualifier
- 30×30 cm plant densitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total leaf dry weight for the VAM treatments at a 30×30 cm plant density was 2.93 g”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal fungus application increased the essential oil percentage of Eryngium caeruleum by 132.68% compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleumEryngium caeruleume1
- Treatment
- application of mycorrhizal funguse0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal funguse0symbiont
- Outcome
- essential oil percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 132.68%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of mycorrhizal fungus increased the essential oil percentage, the essential oil yield, and phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs by 132.68%, 100%, and 137.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal fungus application increased the essential oil yield of Eryngium caeruleum by 100% compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleumEryngium caeruleume1
- Treatment
- application of mycorrhizal funguse0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal funguse0symbiont
- Outcome
- essential oil yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of mycorrhizal fungus increased the essential oil percentage, the essential oil yield, and phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs by 132.68%, 100%, and 137.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal fungus application increased phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs of Eryngium caeruleum by 137.5% compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Eryngium caeruleumEryngium caeruleume1
- Organ / stage
- aerial organse0
- Treatment
- application of mycorrhizal funguse0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal funguse0symbiont
- Outcome
- phosphorus concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 137.5%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of mycorrhizal fungus increased the essential oil percentage, the essential oil yield, and phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs by 132.68%, 100%, and 137.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment”
e1“Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous Azotobacter and VAM application improved the quantity and quality of the yield components of E. caeruleum.
- Taxon
- E. caeruleumEryngium caeruleume2
- Treatment
- simultaneous application of A. chroococcum and VAMe2
- Interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume2symbiont
- Second interactor
- VAMe2symbiont
- Outcome
- quantity and quality of the yield componentse2
- Direction
- improvede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The simultaneous application of A. chroococcum and VAM improved the quantity and quality of the yield components of E. caeruleum by increasing the availability of mineral nutrients”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield-component quality and quantity of E. caeruleum are attributed to increased availability of mineral nutrients.
- Taxon
- E. caeruleumEryngium caeruleume2
- Outcome
- quantity and quality of the yield componentse2
- Qualifier
- increasing the availability of mineral nutrientse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The simultaneous application of A. chroococcum and VAM improved the quantity and quality of the yield components of E. caeruleum by increasing the availability of mineral nutrients”