Abstract
In many regions of the world, including Egypt, water shortages threaten food production. An irrigation deficient strategy in dry areas has been widely investigated as a valuable and sustainable approach to production. In this study, the dry matter and grain yield of wheat was decreased by reducing the amount of irrigation water as well as the volume of the root system. As a result of this, there was an increase the soil moisture stress. This negatively affected the absorption of water and nutrients in the root zone of wheat plants, which ultimately had an effect on the dry matter and grain yield of wheat. The values of dry matter and grain yield of wheat increased with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class. It is possible that this was due to the increase in the genetic characteristic of the root size with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class, as this increase led to the absorption of water and nutrients from a larger volume of root spread. Despite being able to increase the water productivity of wheat by decreasing the amount of added irrigation water, the two highest grain yield values were achieved when adding 100% and 80% of irrigation requirements ( IR) needed to irrigate the wheat and no signif-icant differences between the yield values at 100% and 80% of IR were found. Therefore, in accordance with this study, the recommended irrigation for wheat is at 80% IR which will provide 20% IR. When comparing the water productivity of two wheat varieties in study, it becomes clear that ʻSakha 94ʼ was superior to ʻSakha 93ʼ when adding the same amount of irrigation water, and this resulted in increased wheat productivity for ʻSakha 94ʼ. The SALTMED results confirmed good accuracy (R2: 0.92 to 0.98) in simulating soil moisture, roots volume, water application efficiency, dry matter, and grain yield for two varieties of wheat under deficit irrigation conditions. Whilst using sprinkler irrigation system under sandy soils in Egypt.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Less irrigation reduced wheat dry matter.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- reducing the amount of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and grain yield of wheat was decreased by reducing the amount of irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Less irrigation reduced wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- reducing the amount of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and grain yield of wheat was decreased by reducing the amount of irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced root system volume increased soil moisture stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root systeme0
- Outcome
- soil moisture stresse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“volume of the root system. As a result of this, there was an increase the soil moisture stress”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture stress negatively affected root-zone water and nutrient absorption.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- absorption of water and nutrientse0
- Qualifier
- root zonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This negatively affected the absorption of water and nutrients in the root zone of wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Sakha 94 had greater dry matter than Sakha 93.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ʻSakha 94ʼe0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ʻSakha 93ʼe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and grain yield of wheat increased with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class”
Claim · model-written summary
Sakha 94 had greater grain yield than Sakha 93.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ʻSakha 94ʼe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ʻSakha 93ʼe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and grain yield of wheat increased with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggested larger Sakha 94 roots improved water and nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- ʻSakha 94ʼe0
- Outcome
- absorption of water and nutrientse0
- Qualifier
- larger volume of root spreade0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in the genetic characteristic of the root size with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class, as this increase led to the absorption of water and nutrients from a larger volume of root spread”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Decreasing applied irrigation increased wheat water productivity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- decreasing the amount of added irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase the water productivity of wheat by decreasing the amount of added irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
The two highest grain yields occurred at 100% and 80% irrigation requirement.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- 100% and 80% of irrigation requirements ( IR)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two highest grain yield values were achieved when adding 100% and 80% of irrigation requirements ( IR)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield did not differ significantly between 100% and 80% irrigation requirement.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yield valuese0
- Direction
- no signif-icant differencese0
- Comparator
- 100% and 80% of IRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no signif-icant differences between the yield values at 100% and 80% of IR were found”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 80% irrigation requirement for wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- 80% IRe0
- Value
- 20% IRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recommended irrigation for wheat is at 80% IR which will provide 20% IR”
Claim · model-written summary
Sakha 94 water productivity exceeded Sakha 93 under equal irrigation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ʻSakha 94ʼe0
- Outcome
- wheat productivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ʻSakha 93ʼe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ʻSakha 94ʼ was superior to ʻSakha 93ʼ when adding the same amount of irrigation water, and this resulted in increased wheat productivity for ʻSakha 94ʼ”
Claim · model-written summary
SALTMED simulated five soil and plant endpoints with R2 of 0.92 to 0.98.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- good accuracye0
- Value
- R2: 0.92 to 0.98e0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture, roots volume, water application efficiency, dry matter, and grain yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SALTMED results confirmed good accuracy (R2: 0.92 to 0.98) in simulating soil moisture, roots volume, water application efficiency, dry matter, and grain yield for two varieties of wheat under deficit irrigation conditions”
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