Abstract
Kale is rich in vitamins and easy to cultivate, yet land degradation often occurs. The combination of corn cob biochar and Bio land organic liquid fertilizer as soil amendment materials can reduce land degradation. This study aims to determine a proper dose combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land on growing and yielding Kale. Results showed that the treatment using the combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land affected the number of leaves, fresh weight, and plant height. Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha were shown significantly improved the number of kale leaves, which were 25.50 strands at 5 mst, chlorophyll of 51.42 spad units, leaf area of 1164.5 cm3, root volume of 10.40 cm3. Kale leaves also reached fresh weight of 200.46 g, and dry weight of 26.81 g. Both soil’s physical and chemical properties were increased in the number of organic C, pH, nitrogen elements, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land enhanced the growing and yielding of kale, in which the readily-available corn cob’s and Bio Land’s nutrients accelerated absorption. Higher dose of combination between corn cob biochar and Bio Land resulted in higher kale yield.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Corn cob biochar at 6 t/ha with Bio Land at 15 l/ha significantly improved the number of kale leaves to 25.50 at 5 weeks after planting.
- Taxon
- kale
Brassica oleracea var. viridist0 - Treatment
- Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/hae1
- Outcome
- number of kale leavese2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Value
- 25.50 strands at 5 mste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha”
e2“significantly improved the number of kale leaves, which were 25.50 strands at 5 mst”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
At this dose combination kale chlorophyll reached 51.42 SPAD units.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/hae1
- Outcome
- chlorophylle2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 51.42 spad unitse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha”
e2“chlorophyll of 51.42 spad units”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
At this dose combination kale leaf area reached 1164.5 cm3.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/hae1
- Outcome
- leaf areae2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 1164.5 cm3e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha”
e2“leaf area of 1164.5 cm3”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
At this dose combination kale root volume reached 10.40 cm3.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/hae1
- Outcome
- root volumee2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 10.40 cm3e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha”
e2“root volume of 10.40 cm3”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
At this dose combination kale fresh weight reached 200.46 g.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/hae1
- Outcome
- fresh weighte2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 200.46 ge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha”
e2“fresh weight of 200.46 g”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
At this dose combination kale dry weight reached 26.81 g.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/hae1
- Outcome
- dry weighte2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 26.81 ge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha”
e2“dry weight of 26.81 g”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic C, pH and nitrogen increased.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Outcome
- organic C, pH, nitrogen elementse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“physical and chemical properties were increased in the number of organic C, pH, nitrogen elements”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil cation exchange capacity increased.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Outcome
- cation exchange capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cation exchange capacity (CEC)”
e1“physical and chemical properties were increased”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land enhanced the growth and yield of kale.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Lande0
- Outcome
- growing and yieldinge0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land enhanced the growing and yielding of kale”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute the improvement to readily available nutrients from corn cob biochar and Bio Land accelerating absorption.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- corn cob’s and Bio Land’s nutrientse0
- Outcome
- absorptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the readily-available corn cob’s and Bio Land’s nutrients accelerated absorption”
t0“kale plant”
Claim · model-written summary
A higher dose of the corn cob biochar and Bio Land combination resulted in higher kale yield.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- Higher dose of combination between corn cob biochar and Bio Lande0
- Outcome
- kale yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher dose of combination between corn cob biochar and Bio Land resulted in higher kale yield”
The same questions in other papers
Zea mays subsp. mays · growth · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
Zea mays subsp. mays · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →biochar · physiology: pigments · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →biochar · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
14 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →biochar · growth · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
18 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.