Abstract
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), a warm season leguminous cover crop, is commonly used in rotation with organic strawberry production in Florida’s subtropical environment. This study was conducted to explore the impacts of sunn hemp on growth and yield performance of the subsequent organic strawberry crop in sandy soils, taking into consideration the nutrient contribution from soil incorporation of sunn hemp biomass. Sunn hemp was seeded during the summer off-season and terminated before flowering, three weeks prior to the fall planting of two strawberry cultivars (‘Strawberry Festival’ and ‘Camino Real’). With sunn hemp residues incorporated into the soil, two application rates of nitrogen (N) through pre-plant organic fertilization for the strawberry season were used, including N at a rate of 84 kg/ha, without consideration of the N credit from sunn hemp, and N at a rate of 19.8 kg/ha, with consideration of the estimated N credit from sunn hemp. A summer fallow without cover crop and with a pre-plant organic fertilizer application at the N rate of 84 kg/ha was included as the control. Overall, the sunn hemp incorporation at three weeks after termination did not benefit the strawberry plant growth or fruit yield in this study, with rather low levels of soilborne pathogen and nematode infestations. Both sunn hemp treatments exhibited a significantly lower level of total soil N compared to the summer fallow plots at the end of the strawberry season. The reduction in the pre-plant N fertilization resulted in lower above-ground plant dry weight and accumulation of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at the end of the strawberry season, along with fewer leaves and smaller crowns of the strawberry plants during the early season. Both sunn hemp treatments decreased early fruit yields, while the sunn hemp treatment with the reduced N fertilization also led to a significant reduction in the total fruit number and weight, although no significant differences in the whole-season marketable fruit yield were observed among the nutrient management treatments. Overall, ‘Strawberry Festival’ yielded higher than ‘Camino Real’, but the effects of nutrient management did not vary with the strawberry cultivars. Further studies are needed to enhance organic strawberry nutrient management involving rotational cover crops.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Sunn hemp incorporation did not benefit strawberry growth or fruit yield.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Treatment
- sunn hemp incorporation at three weeks after terminatione0
- Outcome
- strawberry plant growth or fruit yielde0
- Direction
- did not benefite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“sunn hemp incorporation at three weeks after termination did not benefit the strawberry plant growth or fruit yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Both sunn hemp treatments had lower total soil nitrogen than summer fallow.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Both sunn hemp treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total soil Ne0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- summer fallow plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both sunn hemp treatments exhibited a significantly lower level of total soil N compared to the summer fallow plots”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced pre-plant nitrogen lowered strawberry above-ground dry weight and N, P and K accumulation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- reduction in the pre-plant N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- above-ground plant dry weight and accumulation of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in the pre-plant N fertilization resulted in lower above-ground plant dry weight and accumulation of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at the end of the strawberry season”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced pre-plant nitrogen led to fewer leaves and smaller crowns early in the strawberry season.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- reduction in the pre-plant N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- leaves and smaller crownse0
- Direction
- fewere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in the pre-plant N fertilization resulted in lower above-ground plant dry weight and accumulation of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at the end of the strawberry season, along with fewer leaves and smaller crowns of the strawberry plants during the early season”
Claim · model-written summary
Both sunn hemp treatments decreased early strawberry fruit yield.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Both sunn hemp treatmentse0
- Outcome
- early fruit yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both sunn hemp treatments decreased early fruit yields”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunn hemp with reduced nitrogen reduced total fruit number and weight.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- sunn hemp treatment with the reduced N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- total fruit number and weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sunn hemp treatment with the reduced N fertilization also led to a significant reduction in the total fruit number and weight”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-season marketable fruit yield did not differ significantly among nutrient treatments.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- whole-season marketable fruit yielde0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- nutrient management treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant differences in the whole-season marketable fruit yield were observed among the nutrient management treatments”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry Festival yielded more than Camino Real.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- ‘Strawberry Festival’e0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ‘Camino Real’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Strawberry Festival’ yielded higher than ‘Camino Real’”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient management effects did not vary by strawberry cultivar.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Outcome
- effects of nutrient managemente0
- Direction
- did not varye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of nutrient management did not vary with the strawberry cultivars”
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