Abstract
In flowering Chinese cabbage, early booting is one of the most important characteristics that is linked with quality and production. Through fixed light intensity (280 μmol·m−2·s−1) and fixed intermittent lighting in flowering Chinese cabbage, there was early bolting, bud emergence, and flowering. Moreover, the aboveground fresh weight, blade area, dry weight of blade, and quantification of the leaves in flowering Chinese cabbage were significantly reduced, while the thickness of tillers, tillers height, dry weight of tillers, and tillers weight were significantly increased. The chlorophyll contents and soil–plant analysis and development (SPAD) value decreased in the early stage and increased in the later stage. The nitrate content decreased, while the photosynthetic rate, vitamin C content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, phenolic content, and flavonoid content increased, and mineral elements also accumulated. In order to explore the mechanism of intermittent light promoting the early bolting and flowering of ‘49d’ flowering Chinese cabbage, this study analyzed the transcriptional regulation from a global perspective using RNA sequencing. A total of 17,086 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained and 396 DEGs were selected that were closely related to early bolting. These DEGs were mainly involved in pollen wall assembly and plant circadian rhythm pathways, light action (34 DEGs), hormone biosynthesis and regulation (26 DEGs), development (21 DEGs), and carbohydrate synthesis and transport (6 DEGs). Three hub genes with the highest connectivity were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA): BrRVE, BrLHY, and BrRVE1. It is speculated that they may be involved in the intermittent light regulation of early bolting in flowering Chinese cabbage. In conclusion, intermittent light can be used as a useful tool to regulate plant growth structure, increase planting density, enhance photosynthesis, increase mineral accumulation, accelerate growth, and shorten the breeding cycle.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent light induced early bolting, bud emergence and flowering.
- Taxon
- flowering Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0 - Treatment
- fixed intermittent lightinge0
- Outcome
- early bolting, bud emergence, and floweringe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Through fixed light intensity (280 μmol·m−2·s−1) and fixed intermittent lighting in flowering Chinese cabbage, there was early bolting, bud emergence, and flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent light significantly reduced aboveground fresh weight, blade area and blade dry weight.
- Taxon
- flowering Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0
- Treatment
- Intermittent Lightt0
- Outcome
- aboveground fresh weight, blade area, dry weight of bladee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the aboveground fresh weight, blade area, dry weight of blade, and quantification of the leaves in flowering Chinese cabbage were significantly reduced”
t0“Intermittent Light”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent light significantly reduced leaf quantity.
- Taxon
- flowering Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0
- Treatment
- Intermittent Lightt0
- Outcome
- quantification of the leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quantification of the leaves in flowering Chinese cabbage were significantly reduced”
t0“Intermittent Light”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent light significantly increased tiller thickness, height and dry weight.
- Taxon
- Flowering Chinese Cabbaget0
- Treatment
- Intermittent Lightt0
- Outcome
- thickness of tillers, tillers height, dry weight of tillerse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the thickness of tillers, tillers height, dry weight of tillers, and tillers weight were significantly increased”
t0“Intermittent Light Induced Early Bolting in Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent light significantly increased tiller weight.
- Taxon
- Flowering Chinese Cabbaget0
- Treatment
- Intermittent Lightt0
- Outcome
- tillers weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“tillers weight were significantly increased”
t0“Intermittent Light Induced Early Bolting in Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content and SPAD declined early and increased later.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll contents and soil–plant analysis and development (SPAD) value decreased in the early stage and increased in the later stage”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate content declined.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrate content decreased”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic rate, vitamin C and soluble sugar content increased.
Verbatim
e0“the photosynthetic rate, vitamin C content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, phenolic content, and flavonoid content increased”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein, phenolic and flavonoid content increased.
Verbatim
e0“soluble protein content, phenolic content, and flavonoid content increased”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral elements accumulated.
Verbatim
e0“mineral elements also accumulated”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA sequencing identified 17,086 differentially expressed genes.
Verbatim
e0“A total of 17,086 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
The analysis selected 396 DEGs associated with early bolting.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“396 DEGs were selected that were closely related to early bolting”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
The DEGs were mainly involved in pollen wall, circadian, light, hormone, development and carbohydrate pathways.
Verbatim
e0“These DEGs were mainly involved in pollen wall assembly and plant circadian rhythm pathways, light action (34 DEGs), hormone biosynthesis and regulation (26 DEGs), development (21 DEGs), and carbohydrate synthesis and transport (6 DEGs)”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
WGCNA identified BrRVE, BrLHY and BrRVE1 as the three most connected hub genes.
Verbatim
e0“Three hub genes with the highest connectivity were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA): BrRVE, BrLHY, and BrRVE1”
t0“Flowering Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors speculate that the three hub genes regulate early bolting under intermittent light.
- Taxon
- flowering Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0
- Gene
- BrRVE, BrLHY, and BrRVE1e1
- Outcome
- early boltinge0
- Qualifier
- may be involvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is speculated that they may be involved in the intermittent light regulation of early bolting in flowering Chinese cabbage”
e1“BrRVE, BrLHY, and BrRVE1”
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