Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the antioxidant activity and polyphenol content in extracts prepared from freeze-dried leaves of three apple cultivars: Ligol, Gala, and Gloster, using different solvents and extraction methods. The content of total polyphenols was determined using the Folin–Ciocâlteu reagent method, and a qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyphenols was performed using the HPLC method. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined using the DPPH radical method. The colour parameters (in the CIEL*a*b system) of the obtained extracts were also determined. The antioxidant activity of apple leaf extracts increased with increasing polyphenol content. Water–alcoholic extracts from apple leaves were characterised by a significantly higher antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content in comparison with water extracts. The best solvent was a mixture of water and methanol (80%). Among the phenolic compounds identified in the extracts, the most common was phloridzin. The highest content of phloridzin (105.0 mg/1 g of dry weight) was found in water–methanol extracts from the leaves of the Ligol variety obtained with ultrasound-assisted extraction. The extracts with the highest antioxidant activity (131.2 μmol of Trolox/1 g of dry weight) and polyphenol content (81.9 mg GAE/1 g of dry weight) were water–methanol from the leaves of the Ligol cultivar, obtained by shaking them with a solvent.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Apple leaf extract antioxidant activity increased with polyphenol content.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Compound
- polyphenole0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The antioxidant activity of apple leaf extracts increased with increasing polyphenol content”
Claim · model-written summary
Water–alcoholic extracts had significantly higher antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content than water extracts.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Water–alcoholic extractse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacity and polyphenol contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- water extractse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water–alcoholic extracts from apple leaves were characterised by a significantly higher antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content in comparison with water extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
The water and methanol mixture was the best solvent.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mixture of water and methanol (80%)e0
- Outcome
- best solvente0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best solvent was a mixture of water and methanol (80%)”
t0“Apple Tree Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Phloridzin was the most common identified phenolic compound.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- most common was phloridzine0
- Direction
- most commone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the phenolic compounds identified in the extracts, the most common was phloridzin”
t0“Apple Tree Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Ligol leaf water–methanol extracts obtained with ultrasound had the highest phloridzin content of 105.0 mg/1 g dry weight.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Ligole0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- ultrasound-assisted extractione0
- Outcome
- content of phloridzine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 105.0 mg/1 g of dry weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest content of phloridzin (105.0 mg/1 g of dry weight) was found in water–methanol extracts from the leaves of the Ligol variety obtained with ultrasound-assisted extraction”
t0“Apple Tree Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Shaken water–methanol Ligol leaf extracts had the highest antioxidant activity, 131.2 μmol Trolox per gram dry weight.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Ligole0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- shaking them with a solvente0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 131.2 μmol of Trolox/1 g of dry weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extracts with the highest antioxidant activity (131.2 μmol of Trolox/1 g of dry weight) and polyphenol content (81.9 mg GAE/1 g of dry weight) were water–methanol from the leaves of the Ligol cultivar, obtained by shaking them with a solvent”
t0“Apple Tree Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Shaken water–methanol Ligol leaf extracts had the highest polyphenol content, 81.9 mg GAE per gram dry weight.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Ligole0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- shaking them with a solvente0
- Outcome
- polyphenol contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 81.9 mg GAE/1 g of dry weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extracts with the highest antioxidant activity (131.2 μmol of Trolox/1 g of dry weight) and polyphenol content (81.9 mg GAE/1 g of dry weight) were water–methanol from the leaves of the Ligol cultivar, obtained by shaking them with a solvent”
t0“Apple Tree Leaves”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.