Abstract
Salt stress, which impairs plant growth and induces oxidative stress, presents a major challenge in agriculture. In response, biochar has emerged as a promising soil amendment, capable of enhancing plants’ stress tolerance mechanisms. This study investigated the impact of rice husk biochar (RBC), derived from rice husks, on enhancing salt stress tolerance in lettuce plants grown under greenhouse conditions. Molecular and chemical characterization of the biochar samples was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Salinity reduced the fresh and dry weights of the plants from 25.0 g plant−1 and 1.83 g plant−1 to 20.4 g plant−1 and 1.42 g plant−1, respectively. The application of RBC recovered the growth decline caused by salinity, increasing the fresh and dry weights of the plants to 28.1 g plant−1 and 1.83 g plant−1, respectively. While the concentrations of sodium and chloride in plants decreased with RBC application, potassium and silicon concentrations significantly increased. As a result of salt stress, hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2) increased in plant tissues, and a decrease in H2O2 levels was observed with an increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities. Consequently, RBC proved to be effective in enhancing salt tolerance in lettuce plants. In conclusion, while RBC demonstrates significant potential for enhancing salt tolerance, its successful application depends on several factors such as biochar dosage, application method, soil type, and plant species, underscoring the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms at play and optimize its use for sustainable soil management in saline conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced lettuce fresh weight from 25.0 to 20.4 g plant−1.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- freshe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 20.4 g plant−1e0
- Qualifier
- 25.0 g plant−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity reduced the fresh and dry weights of the plants from 25.0 g plant−1 and 1.83 g plant−1 to 20.4 g plant−1 and 1.42 g plant−1”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced lettuce dry weight from 1.83 to 1.42 g plant−1.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 1.42 g plant−1e0
- Qualifier
- 1.83 g plant−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity reduced the fresh and dry weights of the plants from 25.0 g plant−1 and 1.83 g plant−1 to 20.4 g plant−1 and 1.42 g plant−1”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice husk biochar raised lettuce fresh weight to 28.1 g plant−1 under salinity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of RBC recovered the growth decline caused by salinity, increasing the fresh and dry weights of the plants to 28.1 g plant−1 and 1.83 g plant−1”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice husk biochar raised lettuce dry weight to 1.83 g plant−1 under salinity.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- RBCe0
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 1.83 g plant−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of RBC recovered the growth decline caused by salinity, increasing the fresh and dry weights of the plants to 28.1 g plant−1 and 1.83 g plant−1”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar decreased sodium and chloride concentrations in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- RBC applicatione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of sodium and chloridee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of sodium and chloride in plants decreased with RBC application”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar significantly increased potassium and silicon concentrations in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- RBC applicatione0
- Outcome
- potassium and silicon concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“While the concentrations of sodium and chloride in plants decreased with RBC application, potassium and silicon concentrations significantly increased”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased hydrogen peroxide in lettuce tissue.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Organ / stage
- plant tissuese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As a result of salt stress, hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2) increased in plant tissues”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide declined while superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities rose.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidasee0
- Outcome
- H2O2 levelse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in H2O2 levels was observed with an increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice husk biochar enhanced salt tolerance in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- RBCe0
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RBC proved to be effective in enhancing salt tolerance in lettuce plants”
t0“lettuce plants”
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.