Abstract
ABSTRACT Knowing the concentration levels of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in grape berries plays a key role, as these compounds significantly contribute to the nutritional value and quality of grapes, affecting both health benefits and grape quality. The current study was conducted to investigate how different tillage (disc harrow, chisel, no tillage) and organic fertilizer (Antep radish and broccoli chopped residue, olive blackwater) treatments affect the concentration of these valuable compounds in Royal grape berries over three consecutive years (2020–2022), providing insights into optimal agricultural practices for enhancing grape quality. Our results documented significant variations in phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations across different soil tillage, organic fertilizer treatments and years. Among the soil treatments, the disc harrow treatment emerged as the most effective in increasing the levels of most phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, while the broccoli fertilizer treatment was identified as the superior fertilizer application for achieving the same goal. Excluding disc harrow and broccoli fertilizer treatments, other treatments such as no tillage and chisel tillage, and fertilizers like olive blackwater and Antep radish, showed variable effectiveness. These treatments, although less effective overall than the leading treatments, contributed to increased levels of certain compounds such as resveratrol and pterostilbene, indicating their specific benefits. The findings also indicated specific combinations of tillage and fertilizer treatments that maximized the accumulation of certain phenolic compounds, like the combination of no tillage with broccoli fertilizer, which was particularly effective in increasing the levels of vanillic acid and trans ‐caffeic acid. To sum up, by adopting practices such as disc harrow tillage and broccoli fertilizer application, viticulturists can enhance the phenolic and anthocyanin profiles of grapes, thus improving their nutritional value and potentially the quality of grape and wine produced from these grapes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic concentrations varied significantly across tillage, fertilizer treatments and years.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“significant variations in phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations across different soil tillage, organic fertilizer treatments and years”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin concentrations varied significantly across tillage, fertilizer treatments and years.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- soil tillage, organic fertilizer treatmentse0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin concentrationse0
- Qualifier
- yearse0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“significant variations in phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations across different soil tillage, organic fertilizer treatments and years”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Disc harrow tillage most effectively increased most phenolics and anthocyanins.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- disc harrow treatmente0
- Outcome
- levels of most phenolic compounds and anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the disc harrow treatment emerged as the most effective in increasing the levels of most phenolic compounds and anthocyanins”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli fertilizer was the superior fertilizer for increasing most phenolics and anthocyanins.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- broccoli fertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- levels of most phenolic compounds and anthocyaninse1
- Direction
- increasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the broccoli fertilizer treatment was identified as the superior fertilizer application for achieving the same goal”
e1“increasing the levels of most phenolic compounds and anthocyanins”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Other tillage and fertilizer treatments varied in effectiveness.
Verbatim
e0“other treatments such as no tillage and chisel tillage, and fertilizers like olive blackwater and Antep radish, showed variable effectiveness”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The less effective treatments raised resveratrol levels.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments, although less effective overall than the leading treatments, contributed to increased levels of certain compounds such as resveratrol and pterostilbene”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The less effective treatments raised pterostilbene levels.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments, although less effective overall than the leading treatments, contributed to increased levels of certain compounds such as resveratrol and pterostilbene”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage with broccoli fertilizer increased vanillic acid levels.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- combination of no tillage with broccoli fertilizere0
- Outcome
- levels of vanillic acide0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the combination of no tillage with broccoli fertilizer, which was particularly effective in increasing the levels of vanillic acid and trans ‐caffeic acid”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage with broccoli fertilizer increased trans ‐caffeic acid levels.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- combination of no tillage with broccoli fertilizere0
- Outcome
- trans ‐caffeic acide0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the combination of no tillage with broccoli fertilizer, which was particularly effective in increasing the levels of vanillic acid and trans ‐caffeic acid”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that disc harrow tillage can enhance grape phenolic and anthocyanin profiles.
Verbatim
e0“by adopting practices such as disc harrow tillage and broccoli fertilizer application, viticulturists can enhance the phenolic and anthocyanin profiles of grapes”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that broccoli fertilizer can enhance grape phenolic and anthocyanin profiles.
Verbatim
e0“by adopting practices such as disc harrow tillage and broccoli fertilizer application, viticulturists can enhance the phenolic and anthocyanin profiles of grapes”
t0“Grape”
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