Abstract
Stress in plants denotes the detrimental impact of alterations in external environmental conditions on regular plant growth and development. Plants employ diverse mechanisms to mitigate or evade nutritional stress-induced damage. In order to investigate the physiological response mechanism of plants to nutritional stress and assess its impact on soil nutrient content and antioxidant enzyme activity in rice, a field experiment was conducted applying five treatments: control, nitrogen (N) deficiency, phosphorus (P) deficiency, potassium (K) deficiency, and full fertilization. Rice leaf and soil samples were concurrently gathered during both the vegetative and reproductive growth stages of rice. Analysis was conducted on soil N, P, and K levels, as well as leaf antioxidant enzyme activities, to investigate the impact of nutrient stress on rice antioxidant enzymes and soil fertility. The research findings indicate that full fertilization treatment enhanced the agronomic properties of the soil compared to the control treatment. In the N-deficiency treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased by 16.53-33.89% during the reproductive growth period compared to the vegetative growth period. The peroxidase (POD) activity decreased by 41.39% and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased by 36.22% under K-deficiency treatment during the reproductive growth period compared to the vegetative growth period. Consequently, applying N and P fertilizer during the vegetative growth period can decrease membrane lipid peroxidation levels by 7.34-72.53%. The full fertilization treatment markedly enhanced rice yield compared to other treatments and increased the Nitrogen activation coefficient (NAC) and Phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) in the soil, while decreasing the PAC. Elevating NAC levels can stimulate the activity or content of PRO, MDA, and RPS during the vegetative growth stage, whereas in the reproductive growth stage, it will decrease the content of ROS, PRO, and MDA. This data offers valuable insights and theoretical support for nutritional stress research.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Full fertilization improved soil agronomic properties relative to control.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- full fertilization treatmente0
- Outcome
- agronomic properties of the soile0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“full fertilization treatment enhanced the agronomic properties of the soil compared to the control treatment”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N deficiency, reproductive-stage ROS exceeded vegetative-stage levels by 16.53-33.89%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive growth periode0
- Treatment
- N-deficiency treatmente0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16.53-33.89%e0
- Comparator
- vegetative growth periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the N-deficiency treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased by 16.53-33.89% during the reproductive growth period compared to the vegetative growth period”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Under K deficiency, reproductive-stage peroxidase (POD) activity activity changed versus vegetative stage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- K-deficiency treatmente0
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD) activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 41.39%e0
- Comparator
- vegetative growth periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peroxidase (POD) activity decreased by 41.39% and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased by 36.22% under K-deficiency treatment during the reproductive growth period compared to the vegetative growth period”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Under K deficiency, reproductive-stage superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity activity changed versus vegetative stage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- K-deficiency treatmente0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 36.22%e0
- Comparator
- vegetative growth periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peroxidase (POD) activity decreased by 41.39% and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased by 36.22% under K-deficiency treatment during the reproductive growth period compared to the vegetative growth period”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying N and P fertilizer during vegetative growth can decrease membrane lipid peroxidation 7.34-72.53%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- applying N and P fertilizer during the vegetative growth periode0
- Outcome
- membrane lipid peroxidation levelse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 7.34-72.53%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying N and P fertilizer during the vegetative growth period can decrease membrane lipid peroxidation levels by 7.34-72.53%”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Full fertilization markedly improved rice yield compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- full fertilization treatmente0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The full fertilization treatment markedly enhanced rice yield compared to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Full fertilization increased soil Nitrogen activation coefficient (NAC).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- full fertilization treatmente1
- Outcome
- Nitrogen activation coefficient (NAC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the Nitrogen activation coefficient (NAC) and Phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) in the soil”
e1“The full fertilization treatment markedly enhanced rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Full fertilization increased soil Phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- full fertilization treatmente1
- Outcome
- Phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the Nitrogen activation coefficient (NAC) and Phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) in the soil”
e1“The full fertilization treatment markedly enhanced rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The report also states that full fertilization decreased PAC, contradicting its preceding increase statement.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- full fertilization treatmente1
- Outcome
- PACe0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while decreasing the PAC”
e1“The full fertilization treatment markedly enhanced rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher NAC can stimulate PRO, MDA and RPS during vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- NACe0
- Outcome
- activity or content of PRO, MDA, and RPSe0
- Direction
- stimulatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevating NAC levels can stimulate the activity or content of PRO, MDA, and RPS during the vegetative growth stage”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher NAC can decrease ROS, PRO and MDA during reproductive growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- NACe1
- Outcome
- content of ROS, PRO, and MDAe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the reproductive growth stage, it will decrease the content of ROS, PRO, and MDA”
e1“Elevating NAC levels can stimulate the activity”
t0“rice”
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