Paper · 2025 · ACS Agricultural Science & Technology

Formulation of Dolomite-Supported and CNF-Translocated Multi-Micronutrients: An Advanced Fertilizer for Plant Growth

Rahul Gupta; Naveen Kumar Verma; Naveen Kumar Verma; et al.

3
claims
3
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
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Not open access

Abstract

A novel dolomite-supported carbon nanofiber (CNF) formulation, loaded with copper, zinc, molybdenum, and boron micronutrients (MO-BO–CNF/dolomite) has been developed as a micronano fertilizer. Dolomite serves not only as a substrate for CNF-growth but also as the source of secondary nutrients (calcium and magnesium), which are essential for plant health. CNFs efficiently translocate micronutrients from plant roots to shoots and leaves. The synthesized formulation is characterized using various physicochemical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and particle size analysis. The average CNF diameter is determined to be ∼107.2 nm, while XRD and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies confirm the formation of metal oxides and CNFs. The formulation shows a surface charge of −19.4 mV, with a specific surface area of approximately 109 m 2 /g and total pore volume of 0.121 cc/g. Seed germination assays on Cicer arietinum with MO-BO–CNF/dolomite (1 mg/mL) over 6 days show 95% germination percentage. The 30-day plant growth experiment performed on C. arietinum plants using a dose of 1 g of the fertilizer per kg of soil reveals a significant improvement in the key growth parameters including the root and shoot lengths, biomass, and chlorophyll and protein contents in plants. The formulation improves not only the nutrient delivery efficiency but also the water-holding capacity of soil. MO-BO–CNF/dolomite-treated soil show a 7.8-fold rise in total nitrogen, underscoring its role in soil fertility. A relatively higher abundance of Bacillus sp ., Acetobacter sp ., and Rhizobiales facilitates nitrogen fixation in the MO-BO–CNF/dolomite treatment group. A controlled release of micronutrients offers a promising avenue for boosting modern agricultural productivity and sustainability.

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Claims 3

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chickpea seeds reached 95% germination with MO-BO–CNF/dolomite at 1 mg/mL after six days.

Taxon
Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume0
Treatment
MO-BO–CNF/dolomite (1 mg/mL)e0
Outcome
germination percentagee0
Value
95%e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Seed germination assays on Cicer arietinum with MO-BO–CNF/dolomite (1 mg/mL) over 6 days show 95% germination percentage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1178 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The fertilizer significantly improved chickpea root and shoot lengths and biomass after 30 days.

Taxon
C. arietinumCicer arietinume0
Treatment
1 g of the fertilizer per kg of soile0
Outcome
root and shoot lengths, biomasse0
Direction
improvemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The 30-day plant growth experiment performed on C. arietinum plants using a dose of 1 g of the fertilizer per kg of soil reveals a significant improvement in the key growth parameters including the root and shoot lengths, biomass, and chlorophyll and protein contents in plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1179–1457 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The fertilizer significantly improved chickpea chlorophyll and protein contents after 30 days.

Taxon
C. arietinumCicer arietinume0
Treatment
1 g of the fertilizer per kg of soile0
Outcome
chlorophyll and protein contentse0
Direction
improvemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The 30-day plant growth experiment performed on C. arietinum plants using a dose of 1 g of the fertilizer per kg of soil reveals a significant improvement in the key growth parameters including the root and shoot lengths, biomass, and chlorophyll and protein contents in plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1179–1457 · show in text ↑

fertilization · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

105 papers: 99 positive, 6 negative or no effect

98 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

101 papers more in this group

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lime · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

fertilization · physiology: pigments · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

11 papers: 11 positive, 0 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.