Paper · 2025 · Crops

Effect of Phosphorus and Zinc Fertilization on Yield and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Tigray Highlands of Northern Ethiopia

Mulugeta Sebhatleab; Girmay Gebresamuel; Gebreyohannes Girmay; et al.

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verbatim quotes
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Wheat is a vital staple crop addressing significant nutritional needs. However, it faces micronutrient deficiencies in Ethiopia, prompting the use of balanced nutrient fertilizers to obtain better yields, nutrient concentration, and nutritional quality. This study investigated the effect of different P and Zn fertilizer combinations on wheat yield and nutrient use efficiency across three locations in Tigray, Ethiopia. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with four P levels (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg P ha⁻1), and three Zn levels (0, 5, and 10 kg Zn ha⁻1) in three replications. A balanced application of P and Zn fertilizers significantly increased wheat grain and biomass yields, while applying higher rates of both nutrients (i.e., 30 kg P ha⁻1 and 10 kg Zn ha⁻1) reduced yields. The combined application of 20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1 achieved the best yield, which also improved Zn use efficiency. Increasing Zn application (from 5 to 10 kg Zn ha⁻1) while reducing P (from 20 to 10 kg P ha⁻1) enhanced Zn concentration in wheat grain. These findings highlight the importance of carefully managing P and Zn fertilization to optimize grain yield and Zn bioavailability, contributing to improved food security in diverse agro-climatic conditions.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Balanced P and Zn fertilization significantly increased wheat grain and biomass yields.

Treatment
A balanced application of P and Zn fertilizerse0
Outcome
wheat grain and biomass yieldse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A balanced application of P and Zn fertilizers significantly increased wheat grain and biomass yields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 592–693 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Applying 30 kg P ha⁻1 and 10 kg Zn ha⁻1 reduced wheat yields.

Treatment
30 kg P ha⁻1 and 10 kg Zn ha⁻1e0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“applying higher rates of both nutrients (i.e., 30 kg P ha⁻1 and 10 kg Zn ha⁻1) reduced yields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–794 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1 combination achieved the best wheat yield.

Treatment
20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1e0
Outcome
best yielde0
Direction
beste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combined application of 20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1 achieved the best yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 796–877 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1 combination improved Zn use efficiency.

Treatment
20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1e0
Outcome
Zn use efficiencye0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combined application of 20 kg P ha⁻1 and 5 kg Zn ha⁻1 achieved the best yield, which also improved Zn use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 796–916 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing Zn from 5 to 10 kg Zn ha⁻1 while reducing P from 20 to 10 kg P ha⁻1 enhanced wheat grain Zn concentration.

Treatment
Zn application (from 5 to 10 kg Zn ha⁻1) while reducing P (from 20 to 10 kg P ha⁻1)e0
Outcome
Zn concentration in wheat graine0
Direction
enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Increasing Zn application (from 5 to 10 kg Zn ha⁻1) while reducing P (from 20 to 10 kg P ha⁻1) enhanced Zn concentration in wheat grain”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 918–1053 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

380 papers: 347 positive, 33 negative or no effect

346 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

376 papers more in this group

See all 380 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

511 papers: 456 positive, 55 negative or no effect

455 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

572 papers: 524 positive, 48 negative or no effect

523 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

568 papers more in this group

See all 572 papers →

fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

3,438 papers: 3,115 positive, 323 negative or no effect

3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

3,434 papers more in this group

See all 3,438 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.