Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a high-value horticultural crop cultivated extensively across diverse agro-climatic regions. Its productivity and quality are greatly influenced by agronomic practices such as plant spacing, irrigation scheduling, and nutrient management. This study was conducted to assess the combined effects of different spacing (50 × 50 cm, 60 × 60 cm, and 75 × 60 cm), irrigation intervals (every 3 days and every 5 days), and fertilization regimes (100% recommended dose of fertilizers [RDF], 50% RDF + 10 t/ha FYM, and FYM @ 20 t/ha) on the growth, yield, and quality of tomato under open field conditions. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with factorial arrangement and three replications using tomato cultivar ‘Arka Rakshak’. Results revealed that the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha) significantly enhanced plant height (85.3 cm), number of branches (8.4), fruit yield (48.2 t/ha), and average fruit weight (84.6 g). This combination also improved fruit quality, with lycopene content of 7.2 mg/100g fresh weight, TSS of 4.6 °Brix, and titratable acidity of 0.45%. The integrated nutrient management approach proved superior in promoting both productivity and nutritional attributes of tomato. Significant interaction effects among spacing, irrigation, and fertilization highlight the importance of adopting a combined agronomic strategy rather than modifying single factors in isolation. The study concludes that integrated agronomic management involving moderate spacing, timely irrigation, and combined organic-inorganic fertilization offers a sustainable approach for improving tomato yield and quality. These findings provide valuable insights for farmers and researchers aiming to optimize tomato cultivation in open-field conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 60 cm spacing, 3-day irrigation, 50% RDF + 10 t/ha FYM combination significantly enhanced tomato plant height to 85.3 cm.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 85.3 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“significantly enhanced plant height (85.3 cm), number of branches (8.4), fruit yield (48.2 t/ha), and average fruit weight (84.6 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination significantly enhanced the number of branches (8.4).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- number of branchese1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 8.4e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“significantly enhanced plant height (85.3 cm), number of branches (8.4), fruit yield (48.2 t/ha), and average fruit weight (84.6 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination significantly enhanced fruit yield (48.2 t/ha).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 48.2 t/hae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“significantly enhanced plant height (85.3 cm), number of branches (8.4), fruit yield (48.2 t/ha), and average fruit weight (84.6 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination significantly enhanced average fruit weight (84.6 g).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- average fruit weighte1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 84.6 ge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“significantly enhanced plant height (85.3 cm), number of branches (8.4), fruit yield (48.2 t/ha), and average fruit weight (84.6 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination improved fruit lycopene content to 7.2 mg/100g fresh weight.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- lycopene contente1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 7.2 mg/100g fresh weighte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“improved fruit quality, with lycopene content of 7.2 mg/100g fresh weight, TSS of 4.6 °Brix, and titratable acidity of 0.45%”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination improved fruit TSS to 4.6 degrees Brix.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- TSSe1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 4.6 °Brixe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“improved fruit quality, with lycopene content of 7.2 mg/100g fresh weight, TSS of 4.6 °Brix, and titratable acidity of 0.45%”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination improved fruit titratable acidity to 0.45%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 0.45%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“the treatment combination of 60 × 60 cm spacing, irrigation every 3 days, and 50% RDF + FYM (10 t/ha)”
e1“improved fruit quality, with lycopene content of 7.2 mg/100g fresh weight, TSS of 4.6 °Brix, and titratable acidity of 0.45%”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated nutrient management approach proved superior in promoting tomato productivity and nutritional attributes.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- integrated nutrient management approache0
- Outcome
- productivity and nutritional attributese0
- Direction
- superiore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The integrated nutrient management approach proved superior in promoting both productivity and nutritional attributes”
Claim · model-written summary
Spacing, irrigation and fertilization had significant interaction effects on tomato performance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- spacing, irrigation, and fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- interaction effectse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Significant interaction effects among spacing, irrigation, and fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated agronomic management with moderate spacing, timely irrigation and combined organic-inorganic fertilization is recommended for improving tomato yield and quality.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- improving tomato yield and qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrated agronomic management involving moderate spacing, timely irrigation, and combined organic-inorganic fertilization offers a sustainable approach for improving tomato yield and quality”
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See all 175 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.